Objective Abortion is a sensitive issue surrounded with social, cultural and religious stigma. Therefore, estimation of its prevalence involves methodological challenges. The aim of this manuscript is to estimate the abortion prevalence, stratified by type, using direct and two indirect methods. MaterialsAndMethods : In a cross-sectional study in 2016, we recruited 1020 women aged 18-49 years. ...

Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the feeling that one's voluntary actions produce external sensory events [1, 2]. Several psychological theories hypothesized links between SoA and affective evaluation [3-6]. For example, people tend to attribute positive outcomes to their own actions, perhaps reflecting high-level narrative processes that enhance self-esteem [3]. Here we provide the first eviden...

A side effect is a foreseen but not intended consequence of some intended action. Joshua Knobe has discovered that most people judge that a good side effect is not brought about intentionally, but a bad side effect is brought about intentionally. These responses are meant to indicate something about the folk concept of intentional action— namely, that goodness and badness play a role in people'...

Here are three mutually incompatible propositions: 1. To understand the intentional actions of others requires knowledge of the intentional states (i.e., beliefs and desires) which (rationally) motivated those actions. 2. Monkeys do not have knowledge of the intentional states (beliefs and desires) motivating the actions of others. 3. Monkeys understand the intentional actions of other monkeys....

This article compares the ability to track individuals lacking mental states with the ability to track intentional agents. It explains why reference to individuals raises the problem of explaining how cognitive agents track unique individuals and in what sense reference is based on procedures of perceptual-motor and epistemic tracking. We suggest applying the notion of singular-files from theor...

Non-compliance is an extensive intractable problem. This paper argues that we can gain significant insight into non-compliance if we apply theories developed to explain human error in organisations. The resultant framework encompasses intentional and unintentional non-compliance, shifts blame from the patient, and recognises the influence of other factors, including organisational ones. There a...

Determining the intentionality of primate communication is critical to understanding the evolution of human language. Although intentional signalling has been claimed for some great ape gestural signals, comparable evidence is currently lacking for their vocal signals. We presented wild chimpanzees with a python model and found that two of three alarm call types exhibited characteristics previo...

In this paper I display a general metaphysical assumption that characterizes basic naturalistic views and that is inherited, in a residual form, by their leading teleological rivals. The assumption is that intentional states require identifiable inner vehicles and that to explain intentional properties we must develop accounts that bind specific contents to specific vehicles. I show that this a...