نتایج جستجو برای: the clinical target volume
تعداد نتایج: 16341196 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
the present study was an attempt to compare the effect of peer metalinguistic corrective feedback on elementary and intermediate efl learners speaking ability to see which level benefits more from this type of feedback. to this end, 117 female efl learners at grade 3, al-zahra high school in kermanshah, iran were non-randomly chosen. the homogeneity of the participants was attained through a pi...
the present research was an attempt to see how quranic lexical collocations were translated into english by two professional translators namely, abdullah yusuf(2005), and muhammad s. shakir(2012). the study attempted qualitatively to shed light on how translators dealt with quranic lexical collocations when transferring them to the target language based on the newmark(1988) model , and quantit...
abstract this study examined the relationship between noticing pronunciation and the improvement pronunciation by administering a 50 item story, as proficiency- test in order to investigate the effectiveness of noticing pronunciation on the improvement of pronunciation. accordingly 60 qualified students were selected and assigned to the two groups of experimental and control randomly, each gr...
abstract target-oriented approaches to translation studies are regarded as recent theories of translation. one of the most famous theories among these approaches is descriptive translation studies presented by toury (1995). this theory gives a new dimension to translation studies and gives importance to the descriptive rather than prescriptive studies. it also identifies three sets of transla...
PURPOSE To assess whether online adaptive radiotherapy for bladder cancer is feasible across multiple Radiation Oncology departments using different imaging, delivery and recording technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-centre feasibility study of online adaptive radiotherapy, using a choice of three "plan of the day", was conducted at 12 departments. Patients with muscle-invasive bladder ...
IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) on the margin between the clinical target volume (CTV) and planning target volume (PTV) in lung cancer. MethodsThe CTV and PTV margin were determined in three dimensions by four radiation oncologists using a standard method in 10 lung cancer patients, and compared to consensus values. Transfer error was...
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to compare high frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) and histpathologic assessment done by punch biopsy in order to determine depth of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), in both superficial and nodular BCCs prior to brachytherapy treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study includes 20 patients with 10 superficial and 10 nodular BCCs. First, punch biopsy was done to co...
The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Report 62 (ICRU 1999) introduced the concept of expanding the clinical target volume (CTV) to form the planning target volume by a two-step process. The first step is adding a clinically definable internal margin, which produces an internal target volume that accounts for the size, shape and position of the CTV in relation to anat...
The purpose was to determine dose-delivery errors resulting from systematic rotational setup errors for fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy using direct simulation in a treatment planning system. Ten patients with brain tumors who received intensity-modulated radiotherapy had dose distributions re-evaluated to assess the impact of systematic rotational setup errors. The dosimetric effect of ...
CyberKnife spinal radiosurgery suffers from a lack of posterior beams due to workspace limitations. This is remedied by a newly available tracking modality for fiducial-free, respiration-compensated spine tracking in prone patient position. We analyzed the potential dosimetric benefit in a planning study. Fourteen exemplary cases were compared in three scenarios: supine (PTV=CTV), prone (PTV=CT...
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