Having learners construct computer-based simulations is becoming increasingly important as an approach to induce learning. Qualitative simulations incorporate a rich vocabulary for articulating insights about systems and their behaviours, including notions such as structural constituents, identifying qualitatively distinct behaviours, and making explicit the causal dependencies that govern a sy...

Forsythosides H-J (1-3), three new caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides (CPGs), were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspense (Thunb.) Vahl., together with six known phenylethanoid glycosides: Forsythoside A (4), Forsythoside F (5), Forsythoside E (6), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), phenethyl alcohol beta-D-xylo-pyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8) and calc...

Pectolinarin, a flavone heteroside, was isolated from Distictella elongata (Vahl) Urb. leaves ethanol extract, along with a mixture of ursolic, pomolic and oleanolic acids, besides β-sitosterol. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analysis (1H and 13C NMR, 1D and 2D) and they were compared with literature. This is the first report on the occurrence of this flavonoid in a ...

The present study was aimed to evaluate physicochemical standardization and preliminary phytochemical investigation of the leaf of Grewia tiliaefolia Vahl belonging to the family tiliaceae. The standardization parameters included determination of foreign matter, loss on drying, ash values, extractive values, fluorescence analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening was performed according to s...

The bark, seeds, fruits and leaves of the genus Fraxinus (Oleaceae) which contain a wide range of phytochemicals, mostly secoiridoid glucosides, have been widely used in folk medicine against a number of ailments, yet little is known about the metabolism and uptake of the major Fraxinus components. The aim of this work was to advance in the knowledge on the bioavailability of the secoiridoids p...