the field of cognitive psychology has increasingly provided scientific insights to explore how humans are subject to unconscious sources of evidentiary bias, leading to errors that can affect judgement and decision-making. increasingly these insights are being applied outside the realm of individual decision-making to the collective arena of policy-making as well. a recent editorial in this jou...

The dot-probe task is often considered a gold standard in the field for investigating attentional bias to threat. However, serious issues with the task have been raised. Specifically, a number of studies have demonstrated that the traditional reaction time (RT) measure of attentional bias to threat in the dot-probe task has poor internal reliability and poor test-retest reliability. In addition...

According to terror management theory, awareness of death affects diverse aspects of human thought and behavior. Studies have shown that older and younger adults differ in how they respond to reminders of their mortality. The present study investigated one hypothesized explanation for these findings: age-related differences in the tendency to make correspondent inferences. The correspondence bi...

background: several studies have shown that attentional bias plays a role in the beginning, persistence and relapse of substance abuse disorder. therefore, identifying the factors related to attentional bias in substance abusers is important. in so doing, the present study was aimed at examining the relationship between attentional bias, anxiety sensitivity and metacognitive beliefs in substanc...

In many real-world classification problems, the class balance often changes between training and test datasets, due to sample selection bias or the non-stationarity of the environment. Naive classifier training under such changes of class balance systematically yields a biased solution. It is known that such a systematic bias can be corrected by weighted training according to the test class bal...

This paper describes the second round of ResPubliQA, a Question Answering (QA) evaluation task over European legislation, a LAB of CLEF 2010. Two tasks have been proposed this year: Paragraph Selection (PS) and Answer Selection (AS). The PS task consisted of extracting a relevant paragraph of text that satisfies completely the information need expressed by a natural language question. In the AS...

Given sets of observations of training and test data, we consider the problem of re-weighting the training data such that its distribution more closely matches that of the test data. We achieve this goal by matching covariate distributions between training and test sets in a high dimensional feature space (specifically, a reproducing kernel Hilbert space). This approach does not require distrib...