This report is a literature survey that investigates the effect of feedback on the capacity region of multiple access channels (MAC) and broadcast channels (BC).

The key ideas in the theory of broadcast channels are illustrated by discussing some of the progress toward finding the capacity region. The capacity region is still unknown.

Biogenic reefs built by oysters and other suspension feeders are vital components of estuarine ecosystems. By consuming phytoplankton, suspension feeders act to suppress accumulation of organic matter in the water column. Nutrient loading increases the rate of primary production, thereby causing eutrophication. As suspension feeders consume more organic matter from increasing abundance of phyto...

Water eutrophication has become one of the most serious aquatic environmental problems around the world. More and more research has indicated climate change as a major natural factor that will lead to the acceleration of eutrophication in rivers and lakes. However, understanding the mechanism of climate change’s effect on water eutrophication is difficult due to the uncertainties caused by its ...

The study examines the effect of several television ownership attributes on the fraction of prime-time broadcast television minutes devoted to different programming types, as well as the effect of these ownership attributes on prime-time broadcast advertising minutes and rates. Overall, the study considers an interesting question with appropriate data and methods and should ultimately prove use...

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a powerful tool for achieving sustainability. Traditional LCAs analyze well defined and developed industrial systems, but recent developments of LCA focus on analyzing emerging technologies which are not yet optimized with respect to energy materials. Therefore, results ex-ante applications can be very different from ex-post the same system. The purpose this study...

The management of eutrophication has been impeded by reliance on short-term experimental additions of nutrients to bottles and mesocosms. These measures of proximate nutrient limitation fail to account for the gradual changes in biogeochemical nutrient cycles and nutrient fluxes from sediments, and succession of communities that are important components of whole-ecosystem responses. Erroneous a...

The widespread emergence of human and wildlife diseases has challenged ecologists to understand how large-scale agents of environmental change affect host-pathogen interactions. Accelerated eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems owing to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment is a pervasive form of environmental change that has been implicated in the emergence of diseases through direct and indirect ...

Bacteria are major consumers of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic systems. In coastal zones, bacteria exposed to a variety DOM types originating from land and open sea. Climate change is expected cause increased inflows freshwater the northern which may lead either eutrophication or inputs refractory terrestrial compounds. The compositional functional response bacterial communities such...

Abstract For a number of well-documented watersheds and their adjacent coastal zones, simplified, but generic approach was developed to explore current nutrient deliveries corresponding marine system, characterized by flushing rate/residence time morphology. An indicator eutrophication defined derived from both the C:N:P:Si stoichiometry riverine delivery physical features receiving bay (B_ICEP...