The effects of grazing rest on rangelands are different in different climates and knowledge of these effects is necessary to apply correct management. For this purpose, this study was carried out on the percent vegetation cover (PVC) and forage production (FP) of range species at the Nir Range Research Station in Yazd province as a model of steppe rangelands of Iran. In the study area, differen...

This study considers a general class of twodimensional, discrete population models where each per capita transition function (fitness) depends on a linear combination of the densities of the interacting populations. The fitness functions are either monotone decreasing functions (pioneer fitnesses) or one-humped functions (climax fitnesses). Conditions are derived which guarantee that an equilib...

We review all existing air-fluorescence measurements of the elongation rate extensive air showers (slope mean EAS shower maximum Xmax vs. log energy E) above 1017 eV. find remarkable agreement for current and historic experiments over a 30 yr period range from to 3 × 1018 The in this interval is near 80 g/cm2/decade. Above energy, Northern hemisphere are good with an average 48 ± 10 g/cm2/decad...

Siberia has undergone dramatic climatic changes due to global warming in recent decades. Yet, the ecological responses these are still poorly understood a lack of data. Here, we use unique data set from Russian ‘Chronicles Nature’ network analyse long-term (1976–2018) phenological shifts leaf out, flowering, fruiting and senescence 67 common Siberian plant species. We find that boreal forest pl...

Two decades (2000–2019) of the landfast ice properties in Beaufort Sea region Canadian Arctic were analyzed at 250 m spatial resolution from two sources: (1) monthly maps derived Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer clear-sky satellite image composites; and (2) Ice Service charts. Detailed comparisons have been conducted extent, water depth at, distance...

from ancient times, governments have laid emphasis – albeit with varying degrees – on large-scale plans and their impact on society and have thus resorted to them. the iranian government is of course no exception; both before and after the 1979 revolution, the different administrations of the country maintained that employing large-scale plans was fruitful and applied them accordingly. although...

Background Over the last decade there has been an increase in healthcare expenditures while at the same time the inequity in distribution of resources has grown. These two issues have urged the researchers to review the determinants of healthcare expenditures. In this study, we surveyed the determinants of health expenditures in Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) countries.   Methods We us...

background: stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and disability worldwide and has significant clinical and socioeconomic impact. hyperlipidemia and inflammation play major roles in atherothrombosis and in stroke. this study is conducted to compare the high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-crp) levels and the lipid profile parameters between stroke patients and control group and de...