INTRODUCTION Understanding consumer perception of drinking water can contribute to improvements in water management and consumer satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the consumer perception of tap water quality and other drinking water sources in Gonabad as a small semiarid city. METHODS This study was performed in autumn and winter 2013. For collection data a researcher-made a q...

Estimates on drinking water consumption are necessary in risk assessments on microbial hazards in drinking water. Large differences in consumption habits between countries have been reported. In order to establish estimates for the Swedish population, water consumption data from a waterborne outbreak investigation (157 people), a small water consumption study (75 people) and a large study on he...

abstract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are classified as persistent and carcinogenic organic pollutants. pahs contamination has been reported in water. many of relevant regulatory bodies such as eu and epa have regulated the limit levels for pahs in drinking water. in this study, 13 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were determined in tap water samples of tehran and wat...

PURPOSE The incidence of acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in the UK is some 15 times that in the United States and seven times that in Holland. To investigate reasons for this higher frequency, a study of the role of domestic tap water as a potential source of AK was undertaken. METHODS Tap outlets from the homes of 27 patients with culture-proven AK were sampled and cultured for free-living amoeb...

to evaluate the effects of on-farm seed priming treatments and sowing dates on rate and percentage of seedling emergence, biological yield and some physiological indices of corn hybrid (sc. 260) an experiment was conducted in hamedan, iran in 2010. a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. main plots include three sowing dates (early, on-time and ...

The effect of acidic, electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water and chlorinated water on the spoilage microflora of processed broiler carcasses was examined. Carcasses were sprayed for 5 s at 80 psi with tap, chlorinated, or EO water in an inside-outside bird washer. Treated carcasses were then stored at 4 degrees C for 0, 3, 7, or 14 d, and the microbial flora of the carcasses was sampled using the wh...

BACKGROUND Interpretation of previous associations between water intake and adverse birth outcomes is challenging given that amount and type of water consumed can be non-specific markers of exposure or underlying behavioural characteristics. We examined the relationship between water intake measures and adverse birth outcomes in participants from three study sites in the United States. METHOD...

BACKGROUND Conflicting results on the relationship between the hardness of drinking water and mortality related to ischemic heart disease (IHD) or stroke have been reported. OBJECTIVES We investigated the possible association between tap water calcium or magnesium concentration and total hardness and IHD mortality or stroke mortality. METHODS In 1986, a cohort of 120,852 men and women aged ...

Water-related health challenges on First Nations reserves in Canada have been previously documented. Our objective was to describe factors associated with self-reported health effects from tap water in 8 First Nations reserve communities in Saskatchewan, Canada. Community-based participatory approaches were used in designing and implementing cross-sectional household surveys. Individual, househ...