Business organizations have increasingly become the target of social movement activists, but relatively little is known about the antecedents and effectiveness of these protests. We fill in the literature gap by studying American communities’ protests against Wal-Mart’s entry from 1998 to 2005. The incidence of protests is significantly related to local political ideology, community stability, ...

“maqamat” ,written by badi al-zaman hamadani, known as “maqamqt al-kodyah”, is a book written in 4th century (hijra) and the scholars have paid attention to it from that age till now. also the structure trait of maqamat has absorbed effort of researchers to itself and lead them to have less consider to the meaning aspect of this book. therefore some scholars believe that the badi al- zaman’s ef...

Previous academic research on the expansion of dominant retailers such as Wal-Mart has looked at implications for incumbent retailers, consumers, and the local community. Little is known, however, about Wal-Mart’s influence on suppliers’ performance. Manufacturers suggest Wal-Mart uses its power to squeeze their profits. In this paper we study the validity of that claim. We investigate the unde...

Wal-Mart is the largest company in the world, yet little is known about its economic impact. This essay discusses what is known about Wal-Mart’s competitive advantage and its economic impact on local communities, as well as the national and global economy, and highlights the open questions to be addressed by future research. JEL Codes: L11, L25, L81

We study the low-temperature transport properties of Bi2Se3 thin films grown by magnetron sputtering. A positive magnetoresistance resulting from the weak antilocalization (WAL) effect is observed at low temperatures. The observed WAL effect is two dimensional in nature. Applying the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka theory, we have obtained the dephasing length. It is found that the temperature dependence...

badi’ iyaat – created as a new technique in a period of arabic literature, that is known as the decline era. the study of this technique as a form of poetry in this era, creates a cloud of doubt for naming the period. there have been many poets with thousands of great poems that reflect the prominence of this era not its decline. the writer of this article has studied badi’ iyaat in khazaanat –...

created in 8th century a.h., daqayeq al-she?er is one of the most important rhetoric texts has ever been written. little attentions have been paid to it due to the published unreliable correction. the present paper is going to offer, using some reliable handwritten versions, some new-found information about the author, taj al-halvani, the place it was written in, and the life and the works and ...