apple stem pitting virus (aspv) is one of the most common viruses of apple and pear trees. during 2012 to 2013, a total of 1053 symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples were collected from orchards in nine provinces of iran. aspv infection was detected by das-elisa and pcr in 54 samples (5.12%) from seven provinces. based on the geographical origin, 22 representative isolates were selected for...

In those hands I see chipped plates, plastic sofa case, dripping taps, the smell of too little tenement light, of urine rained on hapless clothes, a smell her grandson will call stale and will define everything in life he will forever run from. Her sallow hands, atrophic from not holding and not being held, like garaged brush stiffened with last year’s paint; hands that rest, as she finishes, o...

The adhesion behavior of statistical, uncrosslinked butyl acrylate-methyl acrylate copolymer on different surfaces (stainless steel, polyethylene, glass and Si-wafer) has been investigated using a combination of probe tack test and simultaneous video-optical imaging. Tack and stress peak values increase and the final number of cavities as well as cavity growth rate decreases with increasing sur...

CodY is a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and GTP sensor and a global regulator of transcription in low G + C Gram-positive bacteria. It controls the expression of over 100 genes and operons, principally by repressing during growth genes whose products are required for adaptations to nutrient limitation. However, the mechanism by which BCAA binding regulates transcriptional changes is not clea...