Circannual rhythms regulate seasonal reproduction in many vertebrates. The present study investigated whether circannual reproductive phenotypes (rhythms in growth of gonads and molt) were generated independently of the circadian clocks in the subtropical non-photoperiodic spotted munia (Lonchura punctulata). Birds were subjected to light:dark (LD) cycles with identical light but varying dark h...

The entrainment limits of the circadian rhythms of feeding activity were studied in Wistar rats exposed to gradually increasing and decreasing or to static light-dark cycles. In the former, the entrainment limits of feeding behavior were 22 h 10 min and 26 h 40 min. In the latter, the upper limit was higher, because rats under zeitgeber period ( t) length = 27 h ( t27) and t28 met the criteria ...

INTRODUCTION Racket sports require athletes to constantly improve and progress in their physical qualities in order to maintain competitive standards. This includes achieving and maintaining an optimal body composition. However, few studies have been published addressing this topic. OBJECTIVE This study tries to provide a complete anthropometric profile, including somatotype and body composit...

Body size and build influence performance in many sports, especially in those belonging to the group of female aesthetic sports (rhythmic gymnastics, artistic gymnastics, and figure skating). These sports pose high specific demands upon the functional, energy, motor and psychological capacities of athletes, but also upon the size, body build and composition of the performers, particularly of th...

Abstract Let G be a group and A set equipped with collection of finitary operations. We study cellular automata $$\tau :{A^G} \to {A^G}$$ that preserve the operations induced componentwise from . show τ is an endomorphism if only its local function homomorphism. When entropic (i.e. all are homomorphisms), we establish EndCA( G;A ), consisting such endomorphic automata, isomorphic to direct limi...

u = \[h, g, g, g], [h, gO] . Note that, with the obvious order on the given free generating set, u is a basic commutator. A routine calculation shows that if the image of u under an arbitrary endomorphism of G is expressed in terms of basic commutators, in this expression u itself will occur with square exponent (and, of course, only commutators of weight 6 occur with nonzero exponent). Consequ...

Poincare half-maps can be used to characterize the behavior of recurrent dynamical systems. Their usefulness is demonstrated for a linear three-dimensional single-loop feedback system. In this example everything can be calculated analytically. The resulting half-maps are "benign" endomorphic maps with a complicated topological structure. This is surprising since the combination of two such half...

iris recognition is one of the most reliable methods for identification. in general, itconsists of image acquisition, iris segmentation, feature extraction and matching. among them, iris segmentation has an important role on the performance of any iris recognition system. eyes nonlinear movement, occlusion, and specular reflection are main challenges for any iris segmentation method. in this pa...

The studies of the somatotype allow us to know the quantified description of the morphological configuration of the individual, through endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy. Due to the acquisition of new eating habits along with a greater sedentarism in the child and adolescent population, it has been speculated that they have generated modifications in the morpho functional structure. This th...