BACKGROUND The most appropriate inotropic agent for use in the newborn is uncertain. Dopamine and epinephrine are commonly used, but have unknown effects during hypoxia and pulmonary hypertension; the effects on the splanchnic circulation, in particular, are unclear. METHODS The effects on the systemic, pulmonary, hepatic, and mesenteric circulations of infusions of dopamine and epinephrine (...

macrophages accumulate in poorly vascularised and hypoxic sites including solid tumours, wounds and sites of infection and inflammation where they can be exposed to low levels of oxygen for long periods. up to date, different studies have shown that a number of transcription factors are activated by hypoxia which in turn activate a broad array of mitogenic, pro-invasive, pro-angiogenic, and pro...

Targeting hypoxia-sensitive pathways has recently been proposed as a new therapeutic approach to the treatment of intestinal inflammation. HIF-hydroxylases are enzymes which confer hypoxic-sensitivity upon the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a major regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia. Previous studies have shown that systemic (intraperitoneal) administration of hydroxylase inhibitors...

The contribution of endothelin to resting pulmonary vascular tone and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in humans is unknown. We studied the hemodynamic effects of BQ-123, an endothelin type A receptor antagonist, on healthy volunteers exposed to normoxia and hypoxia. Hemodynamics were measured at room air and after 15 min of exposure to hypoxia (arterial PO(2) 99.8 +/- 1.8 and 49.4 +/- 0.4 mm...

We investigated the effect of systemic hypoxia (Krebs-Henseleit solution gassed with 5% CO2/95% N2) on an isolated, perfused rat lung. Hypoxia resulted in a slowly developing sustained increase in pulmonary perfusion pressure (PPP) accompanied by an increase in lung weight (LW). The endothelin (ET) receptor antagonists BQ123 (3 and 10 microM), BQ788 (3 microM) and bosentan (1.5 and 5 microM) al...

DOWNING, S. EVANS, AND JOHN H. SIEGEL. Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor in.uences on sympathetic discharge to the heart. Am. J. Physiol. 2o&) : 47 I -479. I g63.--Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor influences in the regulation of sympathetic discharge to the heart were investigated, utilizing electroneurographic recordings from the left inferior cardiac nerve in the cat. Spontaneous discharge pattern...

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced by oxidative stress and plays an important role in cellular protection against oxidant injury. Increasing evidence also suggests that HO-1 is markedly modulated by hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Our group has previously demonstrated that the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 mediates hypoxia-induced HO-1 gene transcription and expression in ...

We examined the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) on the hemodynamics of systemic circulation in rat. Chronic IH has no effect on the hemodynamics in the normoxia condition, but it could effectively prevent the fall of hemodynamics during acute hypoxia.