In this paper we present an automatic evaluation tool for fuzzy first order logic formulas. Since different semantics can be considered for every logical symbol, we allow for such formulas the appearance of syntactic modifiers, in such away that our tool is designed not only to evaluate formulas in existing fuzzy semantics, but also to evaluate the properties in any other semantic framework giv...

On the basis of 698 instances of Saxon genitive and of-construction, the present paper explores the use of these modifiers from a corpus-linguistic perspective. In particular, the influence of the lexical class of the modifier, the semantic relationship expressed by the constructions, and weight and syntactic complexity is analysed. It will be argued that the variation of genitive and of-constr...

It is proposed in this paper that the internal structure of proto-Formosan nominals may have undergone a historical development from juxtaposed to nonjuxtaposed type of syntactic structure, in which two distinct ways of juxtaposition DP-DP*, without juxtaposition of the functional projection of case, and KP-KP*, with juxtaposition of the functional projection of case, may have been involved. In...

It has been found that Korean speakers lower their average voice pitch when speaking politely [16, 17], contradicting the idea that high pitch is polite across all cultures, as proposed by Ohala’s Frequency Code hypothesis [e.g., 12]. This study looks at pitch as a perceptual cue to politeness in Korean. Ten Korean listeners heard short utterances from eight different speakers and judged whethe...

Analysis of sociointerpersonal communication patterns among discourse participants is essential to understand the manifestation of and the interpersonalcommunication features realized in online social interaction. The linguistic politeness theory provides an effective framework for such an analysis of sociointerpersonal communication features employed by online language users tomaintain and enh...

Politeness is an integral part of human language variation, e.g. consider the difference in the pragmatic effect of realizing the same communicative goal with either “Get me a glass of water mate!” or “I wonder if I could possibly have some water please?” This paper presents POLLy (Politeness for Language Learning), a system which combines a natural language generator with an AI Planner to mode...

A significant and prevalent aspect of human behavior (as opposed to attitudes and beliefs) which is affected by cultural differences is communication style. We have been developing computational models of an important culturallyvarying aspect of communication: ”politeness” and “etiquette” in social interactions and its role in establishing and managing power and familiarity relationships, urgen...

Previous studies on the Politeness Effect show that using politeness strategies in tutorial feedback can have a positive impact on learning (McLaren et al. 2010; Wang and Johnson 2008; Wang et al. 2005). While prior research efforts tried to uncover the mechanism through which the politeness strategies impact the learner, the results were inconclusive. Further, it is unclear how the politeness ...

Many languages have morphological devices to turn a noun into an adjective. Often this morphology is genuinely derivational in that it adds a semantic predicate such as ‘havingN’ (proprietive), ‘lacking-N’ (caritive’), ‘similar-to-N’ (similitudinal) and so on. In other cases the denominal adjective expresses some vaguely defined notion of possession as in Russian Ivan-ovo (detstvo) ‘Ivan’s (chi...