Background This study aimed at producing C6-C8 medium-chain carboxylates (MCCAs) directly from gaseous CO using mixed culture. The yield and C2-C8 product composition were investigated when CO was continuously fed with gradually increasing partial pressure. Results The maximal concentrations of n-caproate, n-heptylate, and n-caprylate were 1.892, 1.635, and 1.033 mmol L-1, which were achieved...

This paper reviews ways that biomass can be converted by thermal depolymerization to make synthetic gas, i.e. syngas. Biomass, being carbon neutral, is considered as a form of solar energy stored during the growing season by photosynthesis. An effective biomass is one with low moisture and ash content, high lignin content, high calorific value, and small particle size. Woody biomass with low as...

We provide a detailed thermodynamic and economic analysis of two novel alternatives to the “standard” Shell coal IGCC with CO2 capture. In the first, the syngas coolers are replaced by a “partial water quench” where the raw syngas stream is cooled and humidified via direct injection of hot water. This design is less costly, but also less efficient. The second approach retains syngas coolers but...

An experimental study of the intrinsic instabilities of H2/CO lean (φ = 0.4 to φ = 1.0) premixed flames at different hydrogen fractions ranging from 0% to 100% at elevated pressure and room temperature was performed in a constant volume vessel using a Schlieren system. The unstretched laminar burning velocities were compared with data from the previous literature and simulated results. The resu...

The dry reforming of coke oven gases (COG) over an activated carbon used as catalyst has been studied in order to produce a syngas suitable for methanol synthesis. The primary aim of this work was to study the influence of the high amount of hydrogen present in the COG on the process of dry reforming, as well as the influence of other operation conditions, such us temperature and volumetric hou...

Syngas biomethanation is a potent bio-conversion route, utilizing microorganisms to assimilate intermediate gases to produce methane. However, since methanogens have a long doubling time, the reactor works best at a low dilution rate; otherwise, the cells can be washed out during the continuous fermentation process. In this study, the performance of a practical reverse membrane bioreactor (RMBR...

Catalytic combustion and conversion of methane are characterized by a complex interaction of transport and chemical reactions on the catalytic surface and in the gas phase. Computational tools have been developed in which the catalytic processes are coupled to the surrounding flow. These tools are applied to study catalytic combustion of methane on platinum and catalytic conversion of methane t...

Ni-based catalysts with different amounts of Na as promoter from 2 to 6 wt % were prepared by solution combustion method. The catalytic activity was investigated in syngas methanation reaction. Carbon oxides conversion and methane selectivity are greatly influenced by sodium loading. Adding 2 wt% Na remarkably improves catalytic activity and long-term stability, attributed to its smaller mean N...

The objective of this paper was to design energy integrated solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) based microcombined heat and power (micro-CHP) systems using syngas derived from lignocellulosic biomass waste. The novel contributions of this work include 1) integration of syngas between a community-scale biomass gasification plant and SOFC based micro-CHP systems in buildings; 2) heat integrated designs...

in this paper, using a one-dimensional simulation model, the reforming process of sour gas, i.e. ch4, co2, and h2s, to the various charged particles and syngas in a dielectric barrier discharge (dbd) reactor is studied. an electric field is applied across the reactor radius, and thus a non-thermal plasma discharge is formed within the reactor. based on the space-time coupled finite element meth...