In this issue of Neuron, Hubbard et al. show individual differences in how grapheme-color synesthetes perform on cognitive tasks. Importantly, these behavioral differences were correlated with fMRI measures. Such individual differences have important ramifications for synesthesia research. If individual differences are ignored, then synesthesia research will be characterized by erroneous conclu...

A fundamental question in the field of synesthesia is whether it is associated with other cognitive phenomena. The current study examined synesthesia's connections with phenomenal traits of mirror-touch and ticker tape experiences, as well as the representation of the three phenomena in the population, across gender and domain of work/study. Mirror-touch is the automatic, involuntary experience...

Synesthesia is change. the meaning of word form due to use responses from two senses. This research discusses; what are types and meanings synesthesia contained in novel Tanjung Kemarau by Royyan Julian. The method used this descriptive qualitative with semantic studies. Data was collected reading note-taking techniques. Meanwhile, data analysis study, namely; transcribing, identifying, copying...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Synesthesia is an extraordinary perceptual phenomenon, in which individuals experience unusual percepts elicited by the activation of an unrelated sensory modality or by a cognitive process. Emotional reactions are commonly associated. The condition prompted philosophical debates on the nature of perception and impacted the course of art history. It recently generated a consid...

Despite some principal similarities, there is no systematic comparison between the different types of synesthesia (genuine, acquired and drug-induced). This comprehensive review compares the three principal types of synesthesia and focuses on their phenomenological features and their relation to different etiological models. Implications of this comparison for the validity of the different etio...

This is a report on a case of color-taste synesthesia exhibited by an artist painter. This case is unique in that it is not common for color to appear as an inducer or taste as a concurrent. A comprehensive description of this particular case of synesthesia is provided first. The application and results of consistency, psychophysical, and Stroop tests are presented later. Finally, the difficult...

Synesthesia is a phenomenon in which particular stimuli, such as letters or sound, generate a secondary sensory experience in particular individuals. Reports of enhanced memory in synesthetes raise the question of its cognitive and neurological substrates. Enhanced memory in synesthetes could arise from the explicit or implicit use of a synesthetic cue to aid memory, from changes unique to the ...

The traditional and predominant understanding of synesthesia is that a sensory input in one modality (inducer) elicits sensory experiences in another modality (concurrent). Recent evidence suggests an important role of semantic representations of inducers. We report here the cases of two synesthetes, experienced swimmers, for whom each swimming style evokes another synesthetic color. Importantl...

Synesthesia entails a special kind of sensory perception, where stimulation in one sensory modality leads to an internally generated perceptual experience of another, not stimulated sensory modality. This phenomenon can be viewed as an abnormal multisensory integration process as here the synesthetic percept is aberrantly fused with the stimulated modality. Indeed, recent synesthesia research h...