The benefits of soft-switching converters, and in particular zero-voltage switching (ZVS, also called zerovoltage-transition [ZVT] or resonant-transition) circuits, are well-known. High-frequency converters powered from high source voltage show significant improvements when operated with soft switching. These improvements are 1) reduced switching losses, which allow high switching frequency and...

This study focuses on effectively designing reliable systems. Such systems are capable of withstanding failure events by applying multiple realistic workarounds. These workarounds include allocating redundancy, component reliability, and backup strategy that considered concurrently as decision variables. In this novel view, the reliability components determined freely independently to achieve o...

we solve the coupled mode equations governing the chalcogenide nonlinear fiber bragg gratings (fbgs) numerically, and obtain the bistability characteristics. the characteristics of the chalcogenide nonlinear fbgs such as: switching threshold intensity, bistability interval, on-off switching ratio are studied. the effects of fbg length and its third order nonlinear refractive index on fbg charac...

Protection system failures have been recognized as major causes of expanded outages and thereby affect bulk power system reliability. With the rapid progress of smart grid technologies, legacy protection systems with hardwired architecture are being gradually replaced by computer and communication networks consisting of multi-functional and smart Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). In this p...

In today's BGP routing architecture, traffic delivery is in general based on single path selection paradigms. The lack of path diversity hinders the support for resilience, traffic engineering and QoS provisioning across the Internet. Some recently proposed multi-plane extensions to BGP offer a promising mechanism to enable diverse inter-domain routes towards destination prefixes. Based on thes...

—Open Reconfigurable Network (abbreviated as ORN) is a new type of distributed network architecture, which is composed by integrated network management nodes (abbreviated as MN) and more open reconfigurable routing or switching nodes (abbreviated as NN), which are managed by MN. During the path deployment among NN, there probably exists failures and even repeated failures due to the resources o...

In a quasi-synchronous environment worst-case times associated with a given activity are usually much higher than the average time needed for that activity. Using always those worst-case times can make a system useless. However, not using them may lead to timing failures. On the other hand, fully synchronous behavior is usually restricted to small parts of the global system. In a previously def...

Today software systems are playing a critical role in the operation of telecommunication networks. The steadly growing size and complexity of these systems are making them extremely difficulty to exaustively test the software to ensure that it will adequately perform its specified function. With the increasing reliance on software systems for implementation of telecom service functionality, the...

The RF source High Voltage Converter Modulator (HVCM) systems installed on the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) have operated well in excess of 200,000 hours, during which time numerous failures have occurred. An improved Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) switch plate is under development to help mitigate these failures. The new design incorporates two significant improvements. The IGBTs ...

Two different system configurations with warm standby components, standby switching failures, two types of failures "common cause failure and hardware failure" and general repair are compared based on the availability. The time-tofailure for each of the primary and warm standby components are assumed to follow the exponential distribution. Laplace transforms of state probability equations are d...