Arms swing during standing back somersaults relates to three different "gymnastics schools", each is considered "optimal" by its adepts. In the three cases, technical performance, elevation and safety differ. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the mechanical variables of three different arms swing techniques in the performance of a standing back tucked somersault. Five high-level m...

of the Thesis Design and Analysis of Custom Clock Buffers and a D Flip-Flop for Low Swing Clock Distribution Networks by Mallika Rathore Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Stony Brook University 2014 With higher integration, power has become a primary concern for IC design. Clock signal has the highest switching activity and can be responsible for up to 40% of the overall power dissipa...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a popular poststroke gait rehabilitation intervention. Although stroke causes multijoint gait deficits, FES is commonly used only for the correction of swing-phase foot drop. Ankle plantarflexor muscles play an important role during gait. The aim of the current study was to test the immediate effects of delivering FES to both ank...

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of arm swing on modulation of soleus H-reflexes amplitudes during walking. Fifteen subjects walked (1.07 m/s) on a treadmill in 4 arm swing conditions: 1-natural arm swing (control), 2-active restraint, 3-passive restraint, and 4-passive-assisted. Tibial nerve was electrically stimulated and soleus EMG was recorded. H-reflex amplitude was signifi...

We constructed a prototype of technique training system for the human swing motion in the present paper. The swing motion of golf is captured by two highspeed video cameras, which is capable of taking pictures every 1 millisecond at the resolution of 512x512 pixels. Images taken by two cameras were synchronized and the data points on the human body were collected in 3D. The 3D swing motion was ...

BACKGROUND Post-stroke subjects with hemiparesis typically utilize a reduced number of modules or co-excited muscles compared to non-impaired controls, with at least one module resembling the merging of two or more non-impaired modules. In non-impaired walking, each module has distinct contributions to important biomechanical functions, and thus different merged module combinations post-stroke ...

Conventional golf-swing robots are generally used to evaluate the performance of golf clubs and balls. Most of the robots have two or three joints with completely interrelated motion. This interrelation only allows the user of the robot to specify the initial posture and swing velocity, and therefore the subtle adjustments in swing motion that advanced golfers make according to the characterist...

Understanding the mechanical determinants of the energy cost of limb swing is crucial for refining our models of locomotor energetics, as well as improving treatments for those suffering from impaired limb-swing mechanics. In this study, we use guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) as a model to explore whether mechanical work at the joints explains limb-swing energy use by combining inverse dynamic m...

A three-dimensional dynamic simulation of walking was used together with induced position analysis to determine how kinematic conditions at toe-off and muscle forces following toe-off affect peak knee flexion during the swing phase of normal gait. The flexion velocity of the swing-limb knee at toe-off contributed 30 degrees to the peak knee flexion angle; this was larger than any contribution f...

Although the mechanical function is quite clear, there is no consensus regarding the metabolic benefit of arm swing during human running. We compared the metabolic cost of running using normal arm swing with the metabolic cost of running while restricting the arms in three different ways: (1) holding the hands with the arms behind the back in a relaxed position (BACK), (2) holding the arms acro...