In this study, three types of sludge-derived biochars (BC1, BC2 and BC3) were prepared by 1) original sludge, 2) sludge after K2FeO4 conditioning, 3) acidification + conditioning. The results show that the biochar from conditioned has additional functional groups, its Pb2+ removal effect is greatly enhanced. concentration in effluent can be reduced to <0.06 μg/L. only remove at most 58.02% Pb2+...

Auditory fear memory is thought to be maintained by fear conditioning-induced potentiation of synaptic efficacy, which involves enhanced expression of surface AMPA receptor (AMPAR) at excitatory synapses in the lateral amygdala (LA). Depotentiation, reversal of conditioning-induced potentiation, has been proposed as a cellular mechanism for fear extinction; however, a direct link between depote...

Cationic compounds with quaternary ammonium functional groups are used extensively in personal care product applications. One important class of such quaternary ammonium compounds is cationically charge-modified polymers derived from various animal and plant sources, including guar gum, cellulose, proteins, polypeptides, chitosan, lanolin, starches and amino silicones. These polymers have a dem...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of etching time with 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) on the enamel surface destruction by studying the resulting roughness and erosion depth. METHODS The vestibular surfaces of 12 extracted, caries free human incisors were divided into four quadrants, and each quadrant was etched with 15% HCl for different numbers of etching cycles...

We propose surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators as a complementary tool for conditioning film monitoring. Conditioning films are formed by adsorption of inorganic and organic substances on a substrate the moment this substrate comes into contact with a liquid phase. In the case of implant insertion, for instance, initial protein adsorption is required to start wound healing, but it will also ...

OBJECTIVES To verify the influence of different etching procedures of the post-surface on microtensile bond strength values between fiber posts and composite core materials. METHODS 60 DT Light Posts were divided into 10 subgroups using five different chemical surface treatments and two composite materials to build-up the abutment. Chemical surface treatments including etching with potassium ...

the purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength (sbs) of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel prepared by er:yag laser with two different powers and conventional acid-etching.forty-five human premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned to three groups based on conditioning method: group 1- conventional etching with 37% phosphoric acid; group 2- irradiation ...

We analyze the conditioning properties of classical shape-perturbation methods for the prediction of scattering returns from rough surfaces. A central observation relates to the identification of significant cancellations that are present in the recurrence relations satisfied by successive terms in a perturbation series. We show that these cancellations are precisely responsible for the observe...

Objective: To investigate the effects of different surface conditioning methods on shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded to porcelain surfaces and the influence of silane coupling agent in altering the bond strength. Materials and methods: A total of 80 feldspathic porcelain specimens were used. They were divided into eight different groups based on different surface conditioning m...

PURPOSE Post surface conditioning is necessary to expose the glass fibers to enable bonding between fiber post and resin cement. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different surface conditioning on tensile bond strength (TBS) of a glass fiber reinforced post to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, 40 extracted single canal central incisors we...