Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant plasma protein in the human body. HSA plays an important role in drug transport and metabolism. This protein has a high affinity to a very wide range of materials, including metals such as Cu2+ and Zn2+, fatty acids, amino acids and metabolites such as bilirubin and many drug compounds. In this study, we investigated the effects of co-amoxiclav, as...

The effect of nonlinear interactions on the linear instability of shape fluctuations of a flat charged membrane immersed in a fluid is analyzed using a weakly nonlinear stability analysis. There is a linear instability when the surface tension reduces below a critical value for a given charge density, because a displacement of the membrane surface causes a fluctuation in the counterion density ...

For many decades it has been assumed that an adsorbate centered above a metal surface and with a net negative charge should increase the work function of the surface. However, despite their electronegativity, N adatoms on W[100] cause a significant work function decrease. Here we present a resolution of this anomaly. Using density functional theory, we demonstrate that while the N atom carries ...

Surface charge density studies as well as characterizations of coagulated dye sludge were investigated to explain the mechanism which takes place during removal of dyes from effluents by chemical coagulation. A simple laboratory model was used to compare two commercially used textile azo dyes: CI “Reactive Black 5” and “Acid Black 1” that were coagulated with synthetic primary coagulants have b...

The charge distribution in atoms with closed electron shells is spherically symmetric, whereas atoms with partially filled shells can form covalent bonds with pointed lobes of increased charge density. Covalent bonding in the bulk can also affect surface atoms, leading to four tiny humps spaced by less than 100 picometers in the charge density of adatoms on a (001) tungsten surface. We imaged t...

Screening of a strongly charged macroion by multivalent counterions is considered. It is shown that counterions form a strongly correlated liquid at the surface of the macroion. Cohesive energy of this liquid leads to additional attraction of counterions to the surface, which is absent in conventional solutions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Away from the surface this attraction can be take...

A silicon dioxide (SiO2) electret passivates the surface of crystalline silicon (Si) in two ways: (i) when annealed and hydrogenated, the SiO2–Si interface has a low density of interface states, offering few energy levels through which electrons and holes can recombine; and (ii) the electret’s quasipermanent charge repels carriers of the same polarity, preventing most from reaching the SiO2–Si ...