In this study, the addition of sulfamethazine (SMT) to landfill refuse decreased nitrogen intermediates (e.g. N2O and NO) and dinitrogen (N2) gas fluxes to <0.5 μg-N/kg-refuse·h-1, while the N2O and N2 flux were at ~1.5 and 5.0 μg-N/kg-refuse·h-1 respectively in samples to which oxytetracycline (OTC) had been added. The ARG (antibiotic resistance gene) levels in the refuse increased tenfold aft...

Sulphamethazine, 8 mg/kg body weight, was administered orally in tablet form to 100 healthy volunteers and total and free sulphamethazine were determined in the six hour urine sample. The bimodal population frequency distribution for percentage acetylated sulphamethazine showed 42 of the tested population to be fast and 58 to be slow acetylators, that is, an estimation of q = 0.72 +/- 0.3 as th...

Four veterinary drugs of dissimilar chemical structures were evaluated for environmental stability and penchant for bioaccumulation. The techniques used were (1) a model aquatic ecosystem (3 days) and (2) a model feedlot ecosystem (33 days) in which the drugs were introduced via the excreta of chicks or mice. The model feedlot ecosystem was supported by metabolism cage studies to determine the ...

Methods were developed to assess uptake and elimination kinetics in Gammarus pulex of nine pharmaceuticals (sulfamethazine, carbamazepine, diazepam, temazepam, trimethoprim, warfarin, metoprolol, nifedipine and propranolol) using targeted LC-MS/MS to determine bioconcentration factors (BCFs) using a 96 h toxicokinetic exposure and depuration period. The derived BCFs for these pharmaceuticals di...

This seventy-ninth volume of IARC Monographs contains evaluations of the carcinogenic risk to humans of 19 chemicals that have produced thyroid tumours in rodents. Unless otherwise stated, the term ‘thyroid tumour’, as used in this volume, refers to neoplasms of thyroid follicular cell origin. These substances have diverse uses. A number are used as drugs, including socalled ‘anti-thyroid’ agen...

A novel sulfamethazine molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-coated stir bar for sorptive extraction of eight sulfa drugs from biological samples was prepared. The MIP-coating was about 20 μm thickness with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 6.7% (n=10). It was characterized by scanning electron microscope, infrared spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis, and solvent-resistant investigation, ...

[CuL2(OH2)]$1.5H2O (1), [CuL2(bpy)]$0.66H2O (2) and [CuLQ(OH2)]$H2O (3) (HL 1⁄4 sulfamethazine, bpy 1⁄4 2,20-bipyridine and HQ 1⁄4 8-hydroxyquinoline) complexes were prepared, characterized (elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, magnetic and conductivity measurement), and tested for their antibacterial activity. Coordination of ...

A liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the analysis of sulfamethazine (SMT) in complete swine and cattle feed was collaboratively studied. The method uses post-column derivatization with dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and detection at 450 nm. To 5g finely ground feed, extractant (0.2N HCl + 1.5% diethylamine in 25% methanol), and internal standard solutions are added, and the SMT is extracted by s...

We set out to improve understanding of the effectiveness of streamside management zones (SMZs) for protecting water quality in landscapes dominated by agriculture. We conducted a paired-catchment experiment that included water quality monitoring before and after the establishment of a forest plantation as an SMZ on cleared farmland that was used for extensive grazing. In a second study, we moni...