To evaluate purine degradation in patients with congestive heart failure concentrations of serum hypoxanthine, lactate, and noradrenaline were measured before and after submaximal treadmill exercise in 12 patients with chronic congestive heart failure and nine healthy volunteers. In four patients the concentration of hypoxanthine was significantly higher than in the controls or in the remaining...

Heart rate (HR) is arguably one of the most often measured physiological responses in relation to physical fitness or health. HR measured at rest, during submaximal exercise, at maximal exercise and during recovery can provide some level of assessment of fitness and health. In the past, HR was most often measured from manual palpitation of a pulse (palpation), using a stethoscope (auscultation)...

Introduction: Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is an important imaging modality in managing patients with cardiovascular disease. MPI has a significant role in diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease; however it is subjected to different artifacts. Combining pharmacologic stress with submaximal exercise reduces side effects, improves image quality, and enhances the...

BACKGROUND Strength training or aerobic exercise programmes might optimise muscle and cardiorespiratory function and prevent additional disuse atrophy and deconditioning in people with a muscle disease. This is an update of a review first published in 2004. OBJECTIVES To examine the safety and efficacy of strength training and aerobic exercise training in people with a muscle disease. SEARC...

OBJECTIVE To measure strength, aerobic exercise capacity and efficiency, and functional incapacity in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) who do not have a current psychiatric disorder. METHODS Sixty six patients with CFS without a current psychiatric disorder, 30 healthy but sedentary controls, and 15 patients with a current major depressive disorder were recruited into the study. E...

We investigated heredity-independent effects of increased physical activity and aerobic fitness on skeletal muscle free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, perfusion, and their heterogeneity at rest and during exercise. Also, the relationship between local skeletal muscle FFA uptake and perfusion was studied. Nine young adult male monozygotic twin pairs with significant difference in physical activity [22...

there are many reasons for decrease of the functional activity of the brain like aging of the neurons, bacterial diseases and neuro inflammations. nowadays, the effects of exercise on physical and mental health have been proven but its effects on motor functions as well as neuro inflammation is an issue that has recently been studding. neuro inflammation is a mechanism that can be caused by bac...

Background & Aims: Despite 20 years of research, there is no compelling evidence about the effect of carnitine supplementation on improving physical performance in healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of long term consumption of acute L-carnitine L-tartarate (LCLT) on fat metabolism and aerobic capacity. Methods: A total of 28 healthy nonathlete male students rece...

Accurate assessments of aerobic capacity are essential to ensuring the health and well-being of firefighters, given their arduous and stressful working conditions. The use of a submaximal protocol, if proven accurate, addresses concerns such as administrative cost, time, and ease of test performance. The purposes of this study were to develop and validate graded submaximal and maximal stairmill...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the influence of hormone therapy (HT) on submaximal central and peripheral function in healthy postmenopausal women after 12 weeks of endurance training. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in a research and clinical facility was conducted. All participants (N = 23) underwent 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training (walking 5 d/wk at 70%-80% pe...