The role of antibiotics in the treatment of Shiga-like toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli infection is still controversial. This study investigated the effects of colistin on Vero cell cytotoxicity caused by the enterohemorrhagic EC O157:H7, and the effects of colistin on Stx and endotoxin release by EC O157:H7. Vero cells were incubated with supernatant collected from EC O157:H7 cultured for 18 h w...

Mimicking mammalian apoptotic cells by exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) is a strategy used by virus and parasitic protozoa to escape host protective inflammatory responses. With Leishmania amazonensis (La), apoptotic mimicry is a prerogative of the intramacrophagic amastigote form of the parasite and is modulated by the host. Now we show that differently from what happens with amastigotes, prom...

The spontaneous activity of engineered quadruple cultured neural networks (of four-coupled sub-networks) exhibits a repertoire of different types of mutual synchronization events. Each event corresponds to a specific activity propagation mode (APM) defined by the order of activity propagation between the sub-networks. We statistically characterized the frequency of spontaneous appearance of the...

The concept of Indo-Aryan group of peoples and their invasion has played a prominent role in explaining thecultural history of the Indian sub-continent. It was propounded that the Aryans, living somewhere outside India,invaded the Indian sub-continent around 1500 B.C. and after supplanting the indigenous powers and culturessettled in India. The Aryans were held responsible for the destruction o...

Concentrations of manganese, considerably in excess of the quantity required for normal vegetative growth, are needed by Bacillus for (i) synthesis of such secondary metabolites and structures as antibiotics, D-glutamyl peptide, endospores, bacteriophage, and protective antigen; and (ii) longevity of vegetative cell cultures. No other biologically active element can substitute for manganese, an...

objective: microbiological infection plays vital role in determining the outcome as well as cost and duration of the hospital stay for patients admitted in icu setup. therefore regular surveillance of important pathogens and its related factors are mandatory. the objective of this study was to find out the organisms causes infection in patients admitted in different trauma-surgery, medical and ...

background probiotics have been used for dairy products such as yogurt and yogurt drinks, however cholesterol content and lactose intolerance are important drawbacks. recently, consumption of non-dairy probiotic food especially for probiotic drink products has been intensified. objectives this research was conducted to determine the suitability of peach as a raw material for producing probiotic...

In a previously reported attempt (Gordon, 1937) to find standards for the classification of the rapidly-growing, non-pathogenic mycobacteria, we presented the results of a cultural study of a collection of 252 strains from soil, plants, human and animal tissues and secretions. Eighty per cent of the strains were readily separated into three groups of closely-related cultures. The remaining 20 p...

This paper presents a case study of the investment banking arm of a multinational banking corporation (Invebank) which is attempting to introduce Component-Based Development (CBD). Problems were apparent in this adoption because, while CBD requires extensive knowledge sharing and collaboration, sub-cultural differences between groups within Invebank meant that this proved difficult to enact. Th...