This paper proposes the Inconsistency Detection Learner (IDL), an algorithm for language acquisition intended to address the problem of structural ambiguity. An overt, acoustically audible form is structurally ambiguous if different languages admitting the overt form would assign it different linguistic structural analyses. Because the learner has to be capable of learning any possible human la...

This paper presents a strategy to handle syntactic ambiguity in a theoretically motivated fashion following general linguistic principles. This strategy, which is called underspecification, was implemented in a Natural Language Engine (NLE) for automatic information extraction, called ELSA (an acronym for English Language Semantic Analyser), which was developed at the Department of Language & S...

The speech signal is inherently ambiguous and all computational and behavioral research on speech perception has implicitly or explicitly investigated the mechanism of resolution of this ambiguity. It is clear that context and prior probability (i.e., frequency) play central roles in resolving ambiguities between possible speech sounds and spoken words (speech perception) as well as between mea...

To resolve structural ambiguities in syntactic analysis of natural language, which are caused by prepositional phrase attachment, relative clause attachment, and so on, we developed an experimental system called tile Dependency Anal!lzcr. The system uses instances of dependency structures extracted froth a terminology dictionary as a knowledge ba.~e. Structural (attachment) ambiguity is represe...

OBJECTIVE This study proposes a model explaining how social capital helps ease excessively required mental effort. BACKGROUND Although organizational researchers have studied both social capital and cognitive load, no prior research has critically examined the role of social capital in improving individuals' mental load and effort and consequently enhancing job learning effectiveness. METHO...

1. Introduction To resolve or not to resolve, that is the structural ambiguity dilemma. The traditional wisdom is to disambiguate only when it matters in terms of the meaning of the utterance, and to do so using the computationally least costly information. NLP work on PP-attachment has followed this wisdom, and much effort has been focused on formulating structural and lexical strategies for r...

We analyzed the effect of time and frequency domain windowing, or weighting, of the transmitted signal for least squares (LS) and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimators when the channel is time-variant. We considered the estimation error for different windows and we found that the windows can be selected independently. We explained the performance of the estimators with the help of the rad...

land, E-ma (RALR) strategy applies to sentence parsing. Two self-paced reading experiments investigate this issue using a structural ambiguity in which a local, easy reanalysis is pitted against a nonlocal attachment requiring no reanalysis. This ambiguity is created by embedding classic noun phrase/sentential complement ambiguities inside a relative clause modifying a subject NP. The results o...

Prepositional Phrase is the key issue in structural ambiguity. Recently, researches in corpora provide the lexical cue of prepositions with other words and the information could be used to partly resolve ambiguity resulted from prepositional phrases. Two possible attachments are considered in the literature: either noun attachment or verb attachment. In this paper, we consider the problem from ...