A catalytic Mannich reaction of a simple ester with no activating functionality at the α-position via a product-base mechanism was reported. The desired Mannich adducts were obtained in high yields using a catalytic amount of KH. This is a rare example of a Brønsted base-catalyzed Mannich reaction of unactivated esters as substrates.

The sequence logo for DNA binding sites of the bacteriophage P1 replication protein RepA shows unusually high sequence conservation ( approximately 2 bits) at a minor groove that faces RepA. However, B-form DNA can support only 1 bit of sequence conservation via contacts into the minor groove. The high conservation in RepA sites therefore implies a distorted DNA helix with direct or indirect co...

A general formalism for calculating parameters describing physiological acid-base balance in single compartments is extended to multicompartment systems and demonstrated for the multicompartment example of human whole blood. Expressions for total titratable base, strong ion difference, change in total titratable base, change in strong ion difference, and change in Van Slyke standard bicarbonate...

OBJECTIVE To review and compare the 'metabolic' component of an acid-base abnormality by assessing the arterial blood bicarbonate and the 'strong ion difference'. DATA SOURCES A review of published peer-review articles and studies reported from 1983 to 1999 and identified through a MEDLINE search on 'strong ion difference'. SUMMARY OF REVIEW The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation describes the ...

We discuss Matijevic–Roberts type theorem on strong F -regularity, F -purity, and Cohen–Macaulay F -injective (CMFI for short) property. Related to this problem, we also discuss the base change problem and the openness of loci of these properties. In particular, we define the notion of F -purity of homomorphisms using Radu–André homomorphisms, and prove basic properties of it. We also discuss a...

BACKGROUND Acid-base abnormalities in neonatal diarrheic calves can be assessed by using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation or the simplified strong ion approach which use the anion gap (AG) or the strong ion gap (SIG) to quantify the concentration of unmeasured strong anions such as D-lactate. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To determine and compare the clinical utility of AG and SIG in quantifying th...

Generalised halfspace depth function is proposed. Basic properties of this depth function including the strong consistency are studied. We show, on several examples that our depth function may be considered to be more appropriate for nonsymetric distributions or for mixtures of distributions.