During the 1950s through the 1970s, Hans Orthner and Fritz Roeder, two German neurologists from Göttingen, developed a sophisticated technique to perform functional stereotactic surgery with outstanding accuracy. They introduced direct air ventriculography performed in the same surgical session as the ablative stereotactic procedure. For individualized surgical targeting, Orthner prepared a ste...

adequate therapy (34). Stereotactic surgery started with the Horsley-Clarke apparatus in 1908 (14). After the introduction of stereotactic surgery in human patients by Spiegel and Wycis in 1947, this approach has been used safely and effectively to obtain tissue diagnosis for intracranial lesions. There are many papers establishing the issues related to the safety, accuracy and diagnostic yield...

Brain metastases management is still controversial even though many trials are trying to define the respective roles of neurosurgery, whole-brain radiotherapy, single-dose stereotactic radiotherapy and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy. In this article, we review data from trials that examine the role of radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in the management of brain met...

Hypofractionation has been a recurring issue during the near century-long history of radiation oncology. Coutard first introduced protracted dose-fraction regimens that uniquely allowed for the control of “deep” tumors. Subsequent studies have consistently shown that hypofractionation leads to an increase in complication rates and a paradoxical decrease in cure rates. There have, nonetheless, b...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the outcome of linac-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy over the last 10 years for intracranial skull base benign meningiomas in patients who were inoperable, who had residual tumors with some components of high mitotic index after surgery and who experienced relapse of the tumor. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with intracranial skull base benign meningiomas ...

Hypofractionation has been a recurring issue during the near century-long history of radiation oncology. Coutard first introduced protracted dose-fraction regimens that uniquely allowed for the control of "deep" tumors. Subsequent studies have consistently shown that hypofractionation leads to an increase in complication rates and a paradoxical decrease in cure rates. There have, nonetheless, b...

OBJECTIVE The incidence and prevalence of spinal metastases are increasing, and although the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic tumors of the spine has been well established, the same cannot be said about the role of stereotactic radiosurgery. Herein, the authors present a systematic review regarding the value of spinal stereotactic radiosurgery in the management of spinal...

Sun et al. have invented a new stereotactic instrument[1], which is thought to bridge the differences between frameless and frame-based techniques. It consists of a stereotactic frame, which is attached to the skull in a manner comparable to classical stereotactic frames. Instead for guidance of a linear instrument, as for example in the case of a frame-based stereotactic biopsy, it is connecte...

BACKGROUND In stereotactic operations, intraoperative imaging is crucial in several stages of the procedure. The aim was to utilize the O-arm intraoperatively for (1) planning the trajectories of stereotactic instruments, (2) calculating the coordinates of the targets, (3) identification of normal intracranial structures, (4) verification of the trajectories of the stereotactic instruments, and...

PURPOSE To design a simple and reproducible method with minimum uncertainty for evaluating the stereotactic accuracy of Computed Tomography imaging and Magnetic Reso-nance Imaging and to compare the results. METHODS 3D phantom has been designed with 1 mm diameter targets in eight sectors for stereotactic MR imaging and CT imaging. The phantom was connected to Leksell stereotactic frame and th...