Observed crest speeds of maximally steep, breaking water waves are much slower than expected. Our fully nonlinear computations of unsteadily propagating deep water wave groups show that each wave crest approaching its maximum height slows down significantly and either breaks at this reduced speed, or accelerates forward unbroken. This previously noted crest slowdown behavior was validated as ge...

Deposits composed of aragonite prisms, which were formed after the outer shell layer, have been found at the posterior steep slopes of divaricate ribs in two species of Strigilla and another two of Solecurtus. These prisms have their axes oriented perpendicular to the outer shell surface and differ in morphology from fibres of the surface-parallel composite prisms forming the outer shell. They ...

A novel method for the reduction of subthreshold slope below the room-temperature Boltzmann limit of 60 mV/dec for a field-effect transistor based on negative differential capacitance is proposed. This effect uses electric field induced electrostriction of a piezoelectric gate barrier of the transistor. The mechanism amplifies the internal surface potential over the applied gate voltage. This i...

Slope stability analysis is one of the most important problems in mining and geotechnical engineering. Ignoring the importance of these problems can lead to significant losses. Selecting an appropriate method to analyze the slope stability requires a proper understanding of how different factors influence the outputs of the analyses. This paper evaluates the effects of considering the real geom...

[1] We have conducted surveys of gullies that developed in a small, steep watershed in the Idaho Batholith after a severe wildfire followed by intense precipitation. We measured gully length and cross sections to estimate the volumes of sediment loss due to gully formation. These volume estimates are assumed to provide an estimate of sediment transport capacity at each survey cross section from...

Steep topography on the ocean bottom, when underneath an oscillating tide, is not only associated with significant internal wave generation at the tidal frequency but also nonlinear flow features, large overturns and turbulent flow. Here, we investigate the internal wave dynamics and turbulence at an isolated steep obstacle using a three-dimensional, high-resolution large eddy simulation (LES)....

The automatic process for texturing 3D urban environments realistically is a challenging topic in Computer Graphics, especially when the model is generated from 2D GIS data from real sites. In order to achieve realistic scenes, buildings, urban furniture and street roadways should be modeled automatically also considering the slope of steep streets. A texturing process by hand which takes into ...

A chute is characterized by a steep bed slope associated with torrential flow. This chute flow may be either smooth or stepped. The flow conditions in stepped channels are classified as nappe flow, transition flow and skimming flow. In this paper, hydraulic characteristics of flow regimes on the stepped channels are presented systematically under a wide range of discharge, channel slope and ste...

We use the deep ground-based optical photometry of the Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG) Survey to derive robust measurements of the faint-end slope (α) of the UV luminosity function (LF) at redshifts 1.9 ≤ z ≤ 3.4. Our sample includes > 2000 spectroscopic redshifts and ≈ 31000 LBGs in 31 spatiallyindependent fields over a total area of 3261 arcmin. These data allow us to select galaxies to 0.07L and 0....