This paper analyzes the increasing tariff protection in the Spanish iron and steel industry over the first third of the 20th century. Learning effects are explicitly included to model a dynamic game of trade liberalization. The government chooses the tariff level while firms decide how much to produce each period. Firm’s production decisions determine their future cost levels. Assuming that lea...

There are many ways for detecting defects and classification and these methods have been applied to many areas of industry such as fabric or steel or etc. This paper proposes a method to classify defects of steel Bar In Coil (BIC) which has cylindrical shape. The wavelet transform has been used to detect or classify defects of images recently and the proposed classification algorithm uses wavel...

We develop a tractable dynamic general equilibrium model of oligopolistic competition with a continuum of heterogeneous industries. Industries are exposed to aggregate and industry-specific productivity shocks. Firms in each industry set value-maximizing state-contingent markups, taking as given the behavior of all other industries. When consumers are risk-averse, industry markups are countercy...

In this paper, we will establish an Eco-efficiency evaluation index system which is based on the characteristics of the steel industry. Using the principal component analysis to eliminate the impact of the evaluation, reduce the workload of the selection of indicators, and establish the DEA model of the iron and steel industry Eco-efficiency. Finally, we test and verify the effectiveness of thi...

the present study has objectively investigated and reviewed 164 managers, employees and workers of tuka steel investment holding company (tsih co.) as one of the most successful companies in iran's steel industry. the survey approach has been adopted to serve the following purposes of this study: a) to define the prevailing organizational culture in steel industry; and b) to review alignment do...

environmental degradation and economic growth are two important proofs in sustainable developmentwhich are followed by steel industry. in this case, energy and environmental damages as sustainabilitypatterns of environment have been investigated in three different dust collectors to select the mostenvironmentally suitable dust collector for electric furnace. in this article, the consumption amo...

As with most water companies in the world UK water companies face very little competition for the delivery of water within their area. However, recently both the government and the regulator, Ofwat, have indicated that they wish to see a major change in the industry through a significant growth of competition. The pricing of common carriage of water will be central to whether this objective can...

This paper examines the long-term behaviour of a discrete-time Footloose Capital model, where capitalists, who are themselves immobile between regions, move their physical capital between regions in response to economic incentives. The spatial location of industry can exhibit cycles of any periodicity or behave chaotically. Long-term behaviour is highly sensitive to transport costs and to the r...

This paper provides a model to explain the shakeout of the U.S. ATM and debit card industry, which emphasizes the role that a major product innovation — introducing the debit function in the mid 1980s — played in driving the network consolidation. Consistent with the theory, our empirical findings show that large networks had a better chance of adopting the debit innovation and surviving the sh...

A free entry model with linear costs is considered where firms first choose their entry time and then compete in the market according to the resulting timing decisions. Multiple equilibria arise allowing for infinitely many industry output configurations encompassing one limit-output dominant firm and the Cournot equilibrium with free entry as extreme cases. Sequential entry is never observed. ...