Introduction Steam reforming is a process that converts hydrocarbon fuels into hydrogen and oxygenated carbon species. This process is important for catalytic hydrogen production and for direct electrochemical reforming of hydrocarbons over high temperature fuel cells, such as Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). One of the main problems associated with the process is that conventional reforming (el...

The steady–state operation of the autothermal reformer is simulated as two reactors in series by means of a detailed mathematical model. An input-output model is selected to describe the upper combustion chamber. The possible occurrence of homogeneous steam reforming and watergas-shift (WGS) reactions is considered. The catalyst bed is represented through a one-dimensional heterogeneous model, ...

A compact reformer to generate hydrogen for portable fuel cell applications is presented. This reformer is a conventional type single-path tubular reactor packed with granular catalyst particles in which steam reforming and catalytic partial oxidation reactions take place in series using a mixture of methanol and water as a feed. The novel feature of this reformer is in the interlacing of the f...

As an extension of chemical looping combustion, chemical looping steam reforming (CLSR) has been developed for H2 production. During CLSR, a steam reforming (SR) process occurs following the reduction of catalysts by the reforming feedstock itself (termed “auto-reduction”), as opposed to a separate, dedicated reducing agent like H2. This paper studied SR performances of four common bio-compound...

Initial results are presented for the production of hydrogen from waste lubricating oil using a chemical looping reforming (CLR) process. The development of flexible and sustainable sources of hydrogen will be required to facilitate a ‘hydrogen economy’. The novel CLR process presented in this paper has an advantage over hydrogen production from conventional steam reforming because CLR can use ...

A long term pilot scale experiment with steam reforming treatment technology was conducted for volume and weight reduction of uranium contaminated waste tri-n-butyl phosphate/n-dodecane solvent (TBP/dodecane) which was difficult to incinerate. The technology consists of a steam reforming process and a submerged combustion process. In the first process, TBP/dodecane is vaporized and pyrolyzed wi...

Nanoparticles of tin oxide, doped with Ce and Y, were prepared using the polymeric precursor method. The structural variations of the tin oxide nanoparticles were characterized by means of nitrogen physisorption, carbon dioxide chemisorption, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synthesized samples, undoped and doped with the rare earths, were used to promote the ethanol...

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) supported Nickel (Ni) catalyst was prepared using wet impregnation method. A series of Ni/HAp catalysts have been prepared by varying the amount of nickel viz., 3, 6 and 12 %. The highest Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 92.18 m/g was noticed for a catalyst composition containing 3% nickel loading. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies revealed a smooth...

hydrogen can be produced for fuel cell applications by using methanol steam reforming reaction. in this article, a method was developed for regeneration of accelerated deactivated methanol-steam-reforming catalyst. successive deactivation–regeneration cycles were studied in a 250 hours test for the first time including 6 regeneration cycles. it is shown that regeneration of the catalyst in dilu...

Hydrogen was produced by steam reforming of dimethyl ether (DME) using a physical mixture of commercial HZSM-5 zeolite (for DME hydrolyzing) and Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 (for methanol steam reforming) as a catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. The experiments were performed at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range from 270 to 310 °C. The effects of feed temperature and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV)...