This paper aims to study the steady-state response of the practical sliding mode controlled system (SMC). The nonlinearity of the switching term is approximately characterized by using its equivalent describing function. The parasitic dynamics is modeled as a first order lag transfer function, and the possible transport delay is particularly considered. Subsequently, the frequency domain method...

The generalised steady-state analysis of the multi-phase interleaved boost converter with coupled inductors operated in continuous inductor current mode is addressed. The analytical expressions for efficiency, inductor and input currents, and output voltage are derived from the transformed average state–space model. Generalised expressions for the input and inductor current ripples and the outp...

In this paper, a 3-D Cellular Neural Network (CNN) is applied for restoration of degraded images. It is known that regularized or Maximum a Posteriori estimation based image restoration problems can be formulated as the minimization of the Lyapunov function of the discrete-time Hopeld network. Recently, this Lyapunov function based design method has been extended to the continuous-time Hopeld n...

We present a detailed description of the methods used in our model of mode instability in high-power, rare earth-doped, large-mode-area fiber amplifiers. Our model assumes steady-periodic behavior, so it is appropriate to operation after turn on transients have dissipated. It can be adapted to transient cases as well. We describe our algorithm, which includes propagation of the signal field by ...

We investigate numerically and analytically the effects of gain saturation on the propagation of the fundamental mode in a gain-guided index-antiguided slab waveguide. The propagating mode adapts to gain saturation by becoming less confined, while at the same time its peak intensity increases more slowly. At steady state, both the mode shape and the power remain constant.

Abstract Nature is never at a steady state. Natural history generated by ever-new and ever-interacting forces that produce continuous changes. At virtually all timescales, the geological record shows these changes do not cancel each other out and, thus, state utopic. However, we need of equilibrium as starting point for modelling Nature, steady-state condition widely used reference in idealisat...