Rapid startup of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and other bioreactors is desirable when treating wastewaters. The startup time with unamended wastewater (118 h) was similar to that obtained by adding acetate or fumarate (110-115 h), and less than that with glucose (181 h) or Fe(III) (353 h). Initial current production took longer when phosphate buffer was added, with startup times increasing with ...

Elastic cloud applications rely on fast virtual machine (VM) startup, e.g. when scaling out for handling increased workload. While there have been recent studies into the VM startup time in clouds, the effects of the VM image (VMI) disk size and its contents are little understood. To fill this gap, we present a detailed study of these factors on Amazon EC2. Based on our findings, we developed a...

I develop a continuous-time model of reputation in which a privatelyinformed seller, such as a startup, tries to court a forward-looking buyer, such as a venture capitalist (VC). The VC learns gradually about the startup’s quality, high or low, through exogenous news and can adopt at any time. The startup can exit or privately upgrade its quality at any time. I discover two novel kinds of reput...

• Three-phase sine waves 192 steps per electrical revolution 10-bit amplitude resolution • Hardware dead-time generation • Controlled by hall-sensors • Speed control through run-time scaling of sine wave amplitude Speed reference from analog input • Automatically synchronizes to a running motor at startup • Safe startup using block-commutation the first commutation steps • Direction controlled ...

In this paper we consider a like-queue production system in which server startup and breakdowns are possible. The server is turned on (i.e. begins startup) when N units are accumulated in the system and off when the system is empty. We model this system by an M/M/1 queue with server breakdowns and startup time under the N policy. The arrival rate varies according to the server’s status: off, st...

This study considers a -policy Geo/G/1 queue with startup and closedown times. The -policy operates as follows. On completion of the vacation, if there are customers in the queue, the server is either to activate with probability p or to stay dormant in the system with probability 1-p for waiting a new arrival; and if no customer presents in the queue, the server obeys classical sin...

In this paper the method of sensorless startup of direct current brushless motor using third harmonic back Electromotive Force (EMF) and motor startup using microcontroller for pulse width modulation, power switch control and motor output analysis is presented which renders RPM control and high speed achievement for motor. The microcontroller is used for processor and MOSFETs are used for power...

Batch distillation is one of the most important unit operations for the small-scale production of specialty and fine chemicals. The so called Middle Vessel Batch Distillation (MVBD) with total reflux offers many advantages compared to conventional batch distillation. It is favourable due to the simultaneous production of three products of high purity. In this work, we present a thorough analysi...

SCTP congestion control includes the slow start mechanism to probe the network for available bandwidth. In case of path swap in a multihomed association, this mechanism may cause a sudden drop in throughput and increased message delays. By estimating the available bandwidth on the alternate path it is possible to utilize a more efficient startup scheme. In this paper, we analytically compare an...