This research deemed it necessary to investigate the cataclysmic effects of urbanization on water resources because indispensability this natural resource existence human life. Urbanisation geared up activities which created challenges such as population explosion, high rate crime, increased temperature, global warming, scarcity supply, flooding, erosion, energy supply crisis, steam/river extin...

Natural systems are a cost-effective way to clean wastewater from small communities. This paper aims use an optimization technique minimize the volume of concrete needed construct facultative pond provided within series three ponds. A nonlinear constrained model was written and then solved using one Add-Ins MS office. The add-in used Excel Solver, algorithm generalized reduced gradient (GRG). B...

Wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) are commonly used to treat municipal wastewater in the Canadian Arctic. Bacterial community structure and functionality remain mostly uncharacterized for arctic WSPs, yet presumed important treatment outcomes during 3-month summer season with open water WSPs. The objective of this study was investigate performance related temporal spatial changes putative f...