Increasing housing density has negative effects on native biodiversity. This implies that we should build at low density to conserve native species. However, for a given human population, low-density development must cover a large area, resulting in sprawl. A pertinent question is then, at what housing density are the impacts of a given human population on native biodiversity minimized? We addr...

PURPOSE To determine the relationship between urban sprawl, health, and health-related behaviors. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis using hierarchical modeling to relate characteristics of individuals and places to levels of physical activity, obesity, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. SETTING U.S. counties (448) and metropolitan areas (83). SUBJECTS...

t potential environm impacts. Many of the consuming land faster th tions are growing, pushing t urban and suburban pollution fa rural corridors. Chicago and Los An for example, have over the last 20 yea increased their land area more than 10 times faster than their populations. In a particularly striking example of sprawl, Phoenix, Arizona, is encroaching upon the desert at a rate of one acre p...

What is the average distance between two points on the sphere of radius n in a normed space? There is a natural choice of measure making this average-distance statistic into an affine invariant, and we explore the conjecture that the `2 and `∞ norms provide the two extreme values of this invariant on Rd for every d. 1. Introducing the sprawl Consider the following asymptotic geometric statistic...

one of the indicators of sustainable urban growth is the balance of development between different regions of the city, quality of the environment, equality in job opportunities, housing, basic services, social infrastructures, and transportation in urban areas. urban sprawl has some negative consequences. some of the consequences that are frequently mentioned are destroying green spaces, high c...

The standard thinking on 2-socket servers has been that, as long as they can handle the workload, 2-socket servers scaled out have provided historic price/performance, energy efficiency, and density advantages. In many cases, these designs, particularly with the latest Intel Xeon processors do perform well for smaller workloads. Before making any purchase though, organizations operating in toda...

After the Meiji restoration, Osaka developed radically to become "Great Osaka" at the beginning of the Showa Period. For about 65 years, Osaka City administratively enforced area extensions twice, but despite this the city became a disorderly sprawl, losing its own distinct image. In the same period, in Osaka Prefecture, some modern psychiatric hospitals were founded, but they were not located ...

Growing business demands for new IT functionality (web sites, self-service portals, ecommerce, etc.) has led to a proliferation of hardware and software in the data center. Initially, though the cost benefi ts of x86 servers were (and still are) compelling, concerns around performance and reliability dictated a “one server, one service” implementation approach, where individual servers were lim...

Financial capitalism has driven profound changes in urban land use patterns in Majorca, at the Balearic Islands (Spain). This archipelago is a major tourist destination located in the Mediterranean basin, with 4,492 km 2 of surface area, 1,113,114 inhabitants and 12,316,399 tourists (2011), of whom 29.9% came from Germany, 24% from the UK and 19% from the rest of Spain. Neoliberal state regulat...