How does the visuomotor system decide whether a target is moving or stationary in space or whether it moves relative to the eyes or head? A visual flash during a rapid eye-head gaze shift produces a brief visual streak on the retina that could provide information about target motion, when appropriately combined with eye and head self-motion signals. Indeed, double-step experiments have demonstr...

In 1916 Pick described a nystagmus-like movement of the upper eyelids in a young woman with a slowly progressive neurological disease characterized by pseudobulbar and cerebellar signs. Her lids were motionless as she looked in the distance but, as she focused on an approaching object, they jerked up and down in rhythmic motions that increased as convergence increased. The lids also elevated in...

Diazepam and other benzodiazepines are sometimes used to alleviate vertigo and dizziness following labyrinthine surgery in humans. While the results of some previous studies have suggested that the administration of diazepam and other CNS depressant drugs following unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) may impair the vestibular compensation process, the available evidence is unclear. The objective of...

Many reports have appeared in the medical literature concerning the clinical examination at the bedside of patients with vertigo and, even if few controversial opinions exist, the observation of one or more kinds of nystagmus is generally regarded as suggesting an organic aetiology. So far, the presence of nystagmus has been generally considered to be crucially important for clinicians who are ...

Hypothesis: Topical Substance P (SP) application facilitates recovery from vestibular disorders induced by (±)-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4propionic acid (AMPA) in guinea pigs and may offer a treatment strategy for patients with peripheral vestibular disorders. Methods: Sixteen Hartley white guinea pigs were assigned to groups administered with SP and artificial perilymph. A hole was ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) is most commonly found either in its congenital form or after cerebellar/pontomedullary lesions. However, we identified PAN in 10 patients with peripheral vestibular disorders and will try to describe their characteristics to aid in the differential diagnosis between peripheral and central etiologies. STUDY DESIGN Observation of a cas...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Isolated nodular infarction has rarely been described in human. The purpose of this study is to report clinical and laboratory findings of isolated nodular infarction. METHODS Eight patients with isolated nodular infarction were recruited from 6 hospitals in Korea. All patients underwent a complete and standardized neurotological evaluation including ocular torsion, bit...