Background For adult scoliosis patients with chronic low back pain, bracing is initially indicated before spinal surgery is considered. Until recently, the effect bracing treatment has on middle to long-term pain reduction has not been reported. Promising results have been documented in the short-term for the application of a sagittal re-alignment brace in patients with spinal deformities and s...

Objective One of the unexplained, but well known, characteristics of AIS is that girls are far more often affected than boys and the initiation and progression of the deformity normally occurs around the adolescent growth spurt. From previous studies it can be inferred that, due to biomechanical forces that act on posteriorly inclined spinal segments, certain sagittal spinal profiles are more p...

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common spine disorder affecting children worldwide, yet little known about pathogenesis of this disorder. Here, we demonstrate that genetic regulation structural components axial skeleton, intervertebral discs, and dense connective tissues (i.e., ligaments tendons) essential for maintenance spinal alignment. We show adhesion G protein-coupled re...

We report a case of a 69-year-old man with dropped head syndrome associated with isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM). Over a period of 2 years, he exhibited progressive inability to lift his chin off his chest, resulting in the dropped head position that impaired his activities of daily living. He had a disturbed gait with severe imbalance of spinal alignment. Computed tomography revealed os...