Production of group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE) type A and C was transferred from toxigenic streptococcal strains to nontoxigenic strains by lysogeny. Lysogens were tested for SPE with Ouchterlony immunodiffusion on Todd-Hewitt agar plates; toxin diffusing from isolated colonies reacted with specific hyperimmune antisera to SPE. Phage prepared from strains T25(3) (T12gl) and 3GL16...

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SPE B), a cysteine protease, is an important virulence factor in group A streptococcus (GAS) infection. The inhibition of phagocytic activity by SPE B may help prevent bacteria from being ingested. In this study, we examined the mechanism SPE B uses to enable bacteria to resist opsonophagocytosis. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that SPE ...

Caenorhabditis elegans spermatids complete a dramatic morphogenesis to crawling spermatozoa in the absence of an actin- or tubulin-based cytoskeleton and without synthesizing new gene products. Mutations in three genes (spe-8, spe-12, and spe-27) prevent the initiation of this morphogenesis, termed activation. Males with mutations in any of these genes are fertile. By contrast, mutant hermaphro...

a straightforward approach for the extraction of the quercetin was carried out by a nanoporous molecularly imprinted acrylic acid-based network copolymer as asolid sorbent. this technique involves a molecular template (quercetin) which is surrounded by functional monomers and are subsequently co-polymerized in the presence of an excess of the cross linkers. in this process, three-dimensional bi...

Toxic shock-like syndrome isolates of group A streptococci were evaluated for production of pyrogenic exotoxins (also called SPEs, scarlet fever toxins, and erythrogenic toxins). The isolates were consecutively obtained during 1987 and 1988. Of these isolates, 23 of 26 made SPE type A, 10 of 26 made SPE B, and 8 of 26 made SPE C. SPE A was produced in significantly greater amounts than SPEs B a...

The use of sign language is a crucial tool for improving communi- cation between hearing-impaired people and the general public. SLR (Sign Language Recognition) systems in past have been sophisticated challenging to train. However, this research, we provide novel method that makes SSD MobileNet V2 FPNLite 320x320 pre-trained models object recognition based on TensorFlow's detection. By enabling...

Two novel streptococcal superantigen genes (speL(Se) and speM(Se)) were identified from the Streptococcus equi genome database at the Sanger Center. Genotyping of 8 S. equi isolates and 40 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates resulted in the detection of the orthologous genes speL and speM in a restricted number of S. pyogenes isolates (15 and 5%, respectively). Surprisingly, the novel superantigen ...

C. elegans spermatogenesis employs lysosome-related fibrous body-membranous organelles (FB-MOs) for transport of many cellular components. Previous work showed that spe-10 mutants contain FB-MOs that prematurely disassemble, resulting in defective transport of FB components into developing spermatids. Consequently, spe-10 spermatids are smaller than wild type and contain defective FB-MO derivat...

Mutations affecting Caenorhabditis elegans spermatogenesis can be used to dissect the processes of meiosis and spermatozoan morphological maturation. We have obtained 23 new chromosome I mutations that affect spermatogenesis (spe mutations). These mutations, together with six previously described mutations, identify 11 complementation groups, of which six are defined by multiple alleles. These ...

New mutations of the polyamine pathway of Neurospora crassa fell into three categories. The majority affected ornithine decarboxylase and lay at the previously defined spe-1 locus. One mutation, JP100, defining the new spe-2 locus, eliminated S-adenosyl-methionine decarboxylase and led to putrescine accumulation. Revertants of this mutation suggested that the locus encodes the enzyme. Two other...