We report on four children of both sexes from a highly inbred family with hypotonia, spastic diplegia, microcephaly, microphthalmia, congenital cataract, optic atrophy, ptosis, kyphoscoliosis, short stature, severe mental retardation, and cerebral malformations. Six other children may also have been affected. The differential diagnosis and the possibility of a second family with the micro syndr...

Third, neurological problems can result in skeletal deformities that impair bone health. For example, the high muscle tone in cerebral palsy creates abnormal mechanical stresses around the joints, leading to disordered growth and increased fractures. The frequency of fractures in some studies correlates with the degree of physical impairment: The greater the degree of physical compromise (e.g.,...

BACKGROUND In children with spastic diplegia, surgery for ankle equinus contracture is associated with a high prevalence of both overcorrection, which may result in a calcaneal deformity and crouch gait, and recurrent equinus contracture, which may require revision surgery. We sought to determine if conservative surgery for equinus gait, in the context of multilevel surgery, could result in the...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate differences in selective voluntary motor control of the lower extremities by objective assessment and determine the relationship between selective voluntary motor control and knee extensor strength in children with spastic diplegia. [Subjects and Methods] Forty individuals who had spastic cerebral palsy, with Gross Motor Function Classification...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of motor impairments and activity limitations and their inter-relationships in Dutch children with spastic cerebral palsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a population-based survey 119 children, age range 6-19 years, with spastic cerebral palsy were examined. Anthropometry, muscle tone, abnormal posture, joint range of motion, major orthopaedic impairments and gr...

A pilot case study examining the effects of inhibitive ankle-foot orthoses on functional motor performance in a child with spastic diplegia is presented. Both qualitative and quantitative changes occurred, lending support to the efficacy of inhibitive orthoses in improving motor performance in children with cerebral palsy.

The later neurodevelopmental progress of 15 babies who had neonatal periventricular echodensities or flares in the absence of any intraventricular bleeding or subsequent cystic degeneration was studied. At follow up four infants had neurological abnormalities, including spastic diplegia (n = 2). These findings suggest that transient flares may represent mild periventricular leucomalacia with co...

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorder the development movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbance occurred in developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders cerebral often accompanied by disturbances sensation, perception, cognition, communication behavior, epilepsy, secondary musculoskeletal prob...