Stochastic Process Algebras (SPA) have been proposed as compositional specification formalisms for quantitative models. Here we apply these compositional features to SPAs extended by rewards. State space reduction of performability models can be achieved based on the behaviour-preserving notion of Markov Reward Bisimulation. For a framework extended by immediate actions we develop a new equival...

The performance modeller may attempt to quantitatively analyse the behaviour of computer systems by building performance models. Such models may become unwieldy, and so high-level structured modelling techniques have been developed. A stochastic process algebra (SPA) provides such a technique, a compositional modelling calculus. Hillston’s PEPA is an SPA, a classical process algebra enhanced to...

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of two decontaminating processes, ozonation and electrocoagulation, to decolorize wastewater generated by humid finishing leather production. With the objective to determine if one or both process could remove color, benchscale experiments were conducted with three different colorants, representative of the main dye groups: di-azo (CI Dir...

ecdsa is one of the most important public-key signature scheme, however it is vulnerable to lattice attack once a few bits of the nonces are leaked. To protect Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ecc) against Simple Power Analysis, many countermeasures have been proposed. Doubling and Additions of points on the given elliptic curve require several additions and multiplications in the base field and th...

BACKGROUND The loss of alveolar epithelial and endothelial integrity is a central component in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); however, experimental models investigating the mechanisms of epithelial injury are lacking. The purpose of the present study was to design and develop an experimental porcine model of ARDS by inducing lung injury with intrapulmonary administration of sodium ...

INTRODUCTION Laparoscopy is a constantly evolving field of surgery. New technology, applications, and benefits prompt continual improvement. We have developed a Single Port Access (SPA) surgical technique that allows for the entire cholecystectomy to be performed through a single incision within the umbilicus while maintaining safe standard dissection and retraction techniques of currently perf...

Due to the importance of nanoparticles stability in industrial applications, in this research, stability of laponite nanoparticles dispersions containing different concentrations of sodium sulfonated polyacrylamide (SPA) was investigated in electrolyte media for oil reservoirs applications. In this regard, effect of parameters such as polymer concentration, temperature, and ionic strength were ...

Using the multiple advantages of the ultra-highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technique, Staphylococcus protein A (SPA) functionalized gold-magnetic nanoparticles and phage displayed antibodies, and using gold-magnetic nanoparticles coated with SPA and coupled with a polyclonal antibody (pcAb) as magnetic capturing probes, and Ru(bpy)₃(2+)-labeled phage displayed antibody as a spec...