Hyperthennal-neutral beams have been proposed as a charge-free alternative to plasmas in select processing steps. Existing prototype sources include three generic types: gas-dynamic, ion-neutral-charge-exchange and ion-surfaceneutralization beam sources. We find that in surface-neutralization type sources, which have the highest flw residual current can still flow to the substrate. However, thi...

In this paper we present a novel sound source separation algorithm which requires no prior knowledge, no learning, assisted or otherwise, and performs the task of separation based purely on azimuth discrimination within the stereo field. The algorithm exploits the use of the pan pot as a means to achieve image localisation within stereophonic recordings. As such, only an interaural intensity di...

Risk preferences are generally measured with utility functions, which are subjective and usually restrict market agents to be risk averse. The current study investigates investors' preferences toward risk from the index price movement perspective. In a risk neutral market, future prices will increase or decrease with the same probability. However, if the market representative-agents are risk av...

Deuterium, impurity and impurity doped pellets are studied in light of their use for ELM and disruption mitigation. Based on ELM pace making studies at ASDEX Upgrade and JET, the minimum pellet size required to cause an ELM, has been estimated in ITER for the foreseen pellet velocities. Concerning disruption mitigation studies the number of runaways is determined for JET like plasmas for deuter...

Modeling and Neutral-Point-Potential Control ofNeutral-Point-Clamped PWM Rectifiers using an Optimal Regulator Shoji Fukuda, Member, Yasumasa Matsumoto, Associate (Hokkaido University), Akira Sagawa, Member (Hitachi Co., Ltd.) Neutral-point-clamped voltage source rectifiers(NPCR) are suitable for high voltage systems because of their circuit structure. The NPCRs, however, have a problem that th...

Upstream neutral modes, counter propagating to charge modes and carrying energy without net charge, had been predicted to exist in some of the fractional quantum Hall states and were recently observed via noise measurements. Understanding such modes will assist in identifying the wavefunction of these states, as well as shedding light on the role of Coulomb interactions within edge modes. Here,...