Elemental sulfur (S8) is often present in considerable amounts in sour gas reservoirs at the reservoir conditions (pressure and temperature). For the isothermal conditions in the reservoir, the reduction in reservoir pressure below a critical value will cause the elemental sulfur to deposit in the formation. Sulfur deposition can cause severe loss in the pore space available for gas, and in tur...

In a recent study Ellegård, Goldsmith, Hay, and Morton concluded that electrogustometry is neither mediated by sour taste receptors, nor reflects sour taste quality. While aspects of electric taste await a full explanation, such farreaching claims have significant implications for the future of electrogustometry in clinical practice. The current paper presents a critique of the grounds upon whi...

When managing complex systems, cognitive demands or problem-solving situations can appear in diierent ways. In some situations, problems surface gradually while being recognised, identiied and treated. This category of situations has been labelled as`going sour' incidents. Within these incidents, there are a number of interesting and unique features warranting special attention. The present res...

D-glucono-1,5-lactone differs from D-glucopyranose only in that it has a C = O group instead of CHOH group at carbon atom number one. The molecule therefore possesses an intact 3,4 alpha-glycol group and is sweet. However, it autohydrolyses in water solution at room temperature, forming D-gluconic acid and D-glucono-1,4-lactone. As the solution pH falls it becomes sweet-sour and eventually almo...

The pathogenic effects of Pratylenchus coffeae on growth and yield of tangelo (Citrus paradisi x C. reticulata) scions grafted on rough lemon (C jambhiri), sour orange (C. aurantium) and 'Cleopatra' mandarin (C. reticulata) rootstocks were evaluated under field conditions for 4 years. Pratylenchus coffeae on inoculated trees increased to significantly damaging population densities on rough lemo...

We investigated whether change of emotion related to sourness during chewing causes higher brain functions by using mental arithmetic test. Subjects comprised 120 healthy individuals. The mental arithmetic test was performed under four conditions: chewing lemon-flavored gum (Standard gum, as a delicious gum); gum with 6 times the citric acid component of the Standard gum (Strong-sour gum, as an...

CHO cells transfected with high-affinity 5HT receptors were used to detect and identify the release of serotonin from taste buds. Taste cells release 5HT when depolarized or when stimulated with bitter, sweet, or sour tastants. Sour- and depolarization-evoked release of 5HT from taste buds is triggered by Ca2+ influx from the extracellular fluid. In contrast, bitter- and sweet-evoked release of...