Experimental and theoretical studies of low-frequency, long-range sound propagation through a fluctuating ocean are important for many practical problems, e.g. source detection and ranging, communication, and acoustic tomography. The coherence of low-frequency sound waves propagating over megameter distances diminishes noticeably due to sound scattering by internal gravity waves. As a result, t...

?ld to the intelligent nurse of the present, and for their still further improvement the new edition of Mental Nursing is specially adapted. The sections on Elementary Anatomy and Physiology and First Aid have been omitted, and replaced by others of more immediate value. The book now forms a sound guide for the treatment of the insane from the practical nursing Point of view, and as such it can...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the pattern of clinical pathway management upon the healthcare nursing for patients who were diagnosed with malignant tumors. Methods: A total of 186 intern nurses were recruited and randomly divided into the control (n=90) and clinical pathway groups (n=96). In the control group, all the intern nurses received traditional teaching management, and their coun...

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 49 Sound rendering 1 is analogous to graphics rendering when creating virtual auditory environments. In graphics, we can create images by calculating the distribution of light within a modeled environment. Illumination methods such as ray tracing and radiosity are based on the physics of light propagation and reflection. Similarly, sound rendering is base...

The primary aim of sound reproduction is to accurately recreate naturally-occurring sound fields. Due to reproduction system limitations, however, compromises must be made to allow for practical sound reproduction. In regards to low-frequency sound reproduction, a common assumption is that humans cannot detect direction at low-frequencies or that in the presence of a broadband signal, low-frequ...

Computation power to simulate sound fields from the three-dimensional numerical models has progressed fast; for example, using GPU cluster systems. We can render directivity, position , distance, and reverberation of sound sources in a practical time. Furthermore, a multi-channel sound field system can be realized with low-cost digital-to-analog converter modules. Moreover, some researchers are...