Laser-induced incandescence (LII) has become a well-known technique for tracking soot in combustion environments. One of its applications is in the field of engine research, where it has been utilized to study in-cylinder soot behavior for many years. Almost all research up to date involves low-speed LII, allowing only one image to be taken per cycle. To obtain crank-angle-resolved data from a ...

Increasing requirements on the environmental acceptability of internal combustion engines led to strong efforts to meet the continuously getting stricter emission regulations. New concepts of combustion and injection have been developed together with appropriate techniques of exhaust gas aftertreatment. For diesel engines especially modern high pressure injection systems, such as the applicatio...

Nano-sized particles of ceria with high surface area were processed by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and their catalytic activity towards combustion of carbonaceous materials was compared with that obtained by simple thermal decomposition of cerium nitrate, exhibiting the same specific surface area. These two kinds of ceria powders were tested, by DTA and temperature programmed combustion...

The growth of hydrocarbon molecules up to sizes of incipient soot is computed in premixed laminar flames using kinetic Monte Carlo and molecular dynamic methodologies (AMPI code). This approach is designed to preserve atomistic scale structure (bonds, bond angles, dihedral angles) as soot precursors evolve into three-dimensional structures. Application of this code to aliphatic (acetylene) and ...

AS MORPHOLOGY PLAYS A RELEVANT ROLE IN SOLID/SOLID CATALYSIS, WHERE THE NUMBER OF CONTACT POINTS IS A CRITICAL FEATURE IN THIS KIND OF REACTION, THREE DIFFERENT CERIA MORPHOLOGIES HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED IN THIS WORK AS SOOT OXIDATION CATALYSTS: ceria nanofibers, which can become organized as a catalytic network inside diesel particulate filter channels and thus trap soot particles at several co...

The emission of solid carbonaceous particulate matter (i.e. soot) is a world-wide problem that effects both human health and global environmental health alike. Although a number of sources contribute to the concentration of soot in the atmosphere, Diesel engines play a significant role. Diesel engines, or direct-injection compression-ignition engines, are the primary power plant for delivering ...

The full-spectrum k-distribution (FSK) approach has become a promising method for radiative heat transfer calculations in strongly nongray participating media, due to its ability to achieve high accuracy at a tiny fraction of the line-by-line (LBL) computational cost. However, inhomogeneities in temperature, total pressure, and component mole fractions severely challenge the accuracy of the FSK...

To elucidate the relationship between physicochemical properties, spray characteristics, and combustion performance, a series of experiments have been conducted in a constant volume vessel with injection of hydrous ethanol diesel emulsion and regular diesel. HE30 (emulsion with 30% volume fraction of 20% water-containing ethanol and 70% volume fraction of 0# diesel) is developed using Shah’s te...

The Soot Model Development Web Site (SMDWS) is a project to develop collaborative technologies serving combustion researchers in DOE national laboratories, academia and research institutions throughout the world. The result is a shared forum for problem exploration in combustion research. Researchers collaborate over the Internet using SMDWS tools, which include a server for executing combustio...

To calculate soot source terms a new detailed kinetic soot model is applied to study the formation and oxidation of soot particles in turbulent flames. The model is based on a detailed description of the chemical and physical processes leading to the formation of soot. It can be subdivided into the growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the gas phase reactions and the processes of...