Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are designed to reinvigorate antitumor immune responses by interrupting inhibitory signaling pathways and promote the immune-mediated elimination of malignant cells. Although ICI therapy has transformed landscape cancer treatment, only a subset patients achieve complete response. Focused ultrasound (FUS) is noninvasive, nonionizing, deep penetrating focal tha...

Objective(s)   Although photodynamic therapy is considered as a noninvasive method, most photosensitizers are susceptible to  ultrasound.  Therefore,  it  is  expected  that  the  combination of  two  activation  methods  might  have  a synergistic effect. This probable effect has been investigated in this study.   Materials and Methods   This  study  was  conducted  on  colon  carcinoma ...