The manuscript by Flodmark et al. [1] recently published in the open-access journal Biologics in Therapy describes a single-center experience in Sweden of a switch from an originator biologic to a biosimilar human growth hormone (rhGH) using a dialogue teamwork approach [1]. Unfortunately, the authors fail to mention several limitations to their study which call into question their conclusions....

Abstract Introduction Mixed Sleep apnea and Central sleep are commonly noted in a patient with Arnold Chiari Malformation definitive treatment of is surgical decompression. Report case(s) The at the time diagnosis was 7 years old. She had already undergone tonsillectomy adenoidectomy age 4 years. Due to continued Sleep-disordered breathing, PSG done 2016 which showed predominantly mixed central...

Biosimilars are approved biologics with comparable quality, safety, and efficacy to a reference product. Unlike generics, which are chemically manufactured copies of small-molecule drugs with relatively simple chemical structures, the biosimilar designation is applied to drugs that are produced by living organisms, implying much more difficult to control manufacturing and purification procedure...

Genetic parameters were estimated with restricted maximum likelihood for individual test-day milk, fat, and protein yields and somatic cell scores with a random regression cubic spline model. Test-day records of Holstein cows that calved from 1994 through early 1999 were obtained from Dairy Records Management Systems in Raleigh, North Carolina, for the analysis. Estimates of heritability for in...

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is an insufficient production of sex hormones due to loss of hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis control. it is referred to as combined deficiency when it is associated with impairment of other endocrine axes. Signs of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are micro penis, delayed puberty in adolescence and infertility in adulthood. Abnormal sex...

These experiments examined the potential roles of somatropin (pST) and IGF-I in the regulation of uncoupling protein (UCP)2 and UCP3 and their regulatory proteins peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) alpha, gamma and delta using in vivo pST treatment of swine and in vitro supplementation of pST or IGF-I to adipose slices. Six, 90kg barrows were treated with recombinant pST (10mg) f...

Background and Aims: The fact that growth hormone (GH) influences cardiovascular structure and function is well established through both human and animal studies. Despite being secreted in a pulsatile fashion, only the impact of peak GH concentrations on cardiac parameters has previously been reported, and the time-dependency of cardiovascular effects during GH treatment has not been detailed. ...

Growth impairment in cystic fibrosis (CF) is worsened by liver disease. Children with CF have serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) that are lower than expected for their normal growth hormone (GH) production. In children with CF-related liver disease (CFLD), response to endogenous GH is further reduced. We present our experience with two young children with CFLD given recombinan...

the past. Most of the patients who had received radiation therapy showed high values , thus indicating that conventional radiation therapy is incomplete in most cases. In patients who had received surgical treatment , relatively low values were observed; however, only one-third of them showed values below 5 mi2g/ml. Among these patients, those whose values were below 10 mteg/ml, showed no clini...