This article presents a brief review on modeling philosophies of solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) including an introduction to SOFC components and their functions. While a plethora of numerical models is available for SOFC modeling and simulation, this paper focuses on a general overview on mathematical model equations that represent the physico-chemical processes occurring in SOFCs and their bou...

The performance, long-term durability, and thermal cycling tolerance of metal supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFCs) operating with natural gas reformate fuels is assessed. Symmetric MS-SOFCs composite SDC-Ni anode catalysts PrOx cathode are operated simulated steam-reformate partial-oxidation-reformate 1 ppm 5 sulfur. Cells for 1000 h initial degradation rates similar to humidified H2, pe...

The challenges in development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are reducing their dimensions and increasing their efficiency and durability, which requires physicochemical characterization at micro-scales of the device components during operation conditions. Recently, the unique potential of scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) has been demonstrated by in-situ studies of externally-driven ...

Using first principles simulations and the Monte Carlo method, the optimal structure of the triple-phase boundaries (TPB) of the Ni/Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) anode in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is determined. Based on the new TPB microstructures we reveal different reaction pathways for H2 and CO oxidation. In contrast to what was believed in previous theoretical studies, we find tha...

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical energy conversion devices owing to their high power generation efficiency and environmentally benign operation. Micro-tubular SOFCs, which have diameters ranging from a few millimeters to the sub-millimeter scale, offer several advantages over competing SOFCs such as high volumetric power density, good endurance against thermal cyclin...

The commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can be significantly promoted with the direct utilization methane, which is primary component in natural gas and second most abundant anthropogenic greenhouse gas. However, carbon deposition on commonly used Ni-based anode bottle-necking issue inhibiting long-term stability methane SOFCs. To avoid such a problem, typically reformed (intern...

The paper discusses optimising work on a method of processing ceramic / metal composite coatings for various applications and is based on preliminary work on processing anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The composite coating is manufactured by the electroless co-deposition of nickel and yttria stabilised zirconia (YSZ) simultaneously on to a ceramic substrate. The effect on coating cha...

Single-chamber solid oxide fuel cells ~SOFCs! with an anode-supported Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 electrolyte were operated in a mixture of butane and air at furnace temperatures of 200-300°C. The electromotive force ~emf! of the cell and the voltage drop were strongly influenced by the catalytic activity of the anode for the partial oxidation of butane. The promotion of hydrogen formation by the addition ...

As a highly efficient energy conversion device, proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted intensive attention due to its high performance at intermediate temperature.1 Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-d (BSCF), as an excellent air electrode material for oxygen-ion conducting SOFCs,2 nevertheless, is not effective when employed in SOFCs. There are several factors limiting the of BSCF...

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is performed to obtain less than 1 nm thick yttria-doped ceria (YDC) layers as cathode functional increase the surface oxygen incorporation rate for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). Introducing a YDC modification (SML) has revealed that optimized yttria concentration in can catalyze exchange kinetics at interface between electrolyte and cathode. T...