Accurate, non-contact pH sensing is of particular importance in the biological and clinical sciences. Fluorescence lifetime based pH sensing is potentially more useful than intensity based methods because of the reduced sensitivity to excitation source intensity variations, scattering effects, and photobleaching. In this work, we investigate the variation of fluorescence lifetime with pH for re...

Articles you may be interested in Randomized scalable checkerboard geometries: The electrostatic problem Effect of lanthanum doping on the electrical properties of solgel derived ferroelectric lead–zirconate–titanate for ultralargescale integration dynamic random access memory applications Under investigation is the scale dependent electrical conductivity (and resistivity) of two-phase random c...

A number of polymers used in the production of carriers for drug delivery applications, possessing high surface area, appropriate surface chemistry and porosity, chemical stability and low cost have been investigated. One of these promising candidates are natural polysaccharides such as alginic acid sodium salt, guar gum, xanthan gum and chitosan due to their outstanding merits. They are simila...

Sol-gel method has been used to fabricate nanocomposite films on glass substrates composed halloysite clay mineral and nanocrystalline TiO2. The methodology for the synthesis involves a simple chemistry method utilized nonionic surfactant molecule as pore directing agent along with the acetic acid-based solgel route with the absence of water molecules. The thermal treatment of composite films a...

Abstract:Nanostructured titania was synthesized by colloidal and polymeric sol-gel routes. Stable colloidal and polymeric titania sols were prepared by adjusting the proper values of the acid/alkoxide and the water/alkoxide molar ratios. The properties of sols were determined by dynamic light scattering technique and synthesized titania was characterized by thermogravimetry and differential the...

Sub-micrometer-sized (0.33 μm) polycrystalline powders of calcium copper titanate (CCTO) were synthesized via the solgel method. Compacted calcined sintered at 900 °C/2h to obtain porous (<80% density) pellets. Subsequently, ZnO or SnO 2 pastes (∼10 μm grain size) smeared on either side pellets and 1100 °C/15 h, which yielded dense (>95% ceramics. X-ray structural investigations revealed ...

background one of most important operations research problems is nurse scheduling problem (nsp) that tries to find an optimal way to assign nurses to shifts with a set of hard constraints. most of the researches are dealing with this problem in deterministic environment with constant parameters. while in the real world applications of nsp, the stochastic nature of some parameters like number of...

pain is one of the most important and sometimes difficult problems, that patients and physicians are encountered. it may be clinically acute or chronic, acute pain has usually definite cause and favourable response to treatment. on the other hand there are difficulties in diagnosis and management of chronic pain. peripheral and cranial nerves convey pain impulses toward central nervous system, ...

transformationprocessesdebate ontheinteractionsbetween archaeological artifacts  and structures based on their natural and cultural environments. these processes provide a good picture about the site formation after its creation until now. recognition of these processes and their context help archaeologists to interpret archaeological data in an appropriate way. in this paper i would argue abou...