*Lawrence J. Hagen, USDA-ARS, Wind Erosion Research Unit, Throckmorton Hall 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. *Corresponding author: [email protected]. Contribution from USDA-ARS in cooperation with Kansas Agric. Exp. Sta., Contribution No. 99-389-A. ABSTRACT Assessment of wind erosion parameters applicable to the field scale using wind tunnels requires attention to both scal...

This paper presents new valuable field data and a comprehensive approach to the determination of the rock mass classification and tunnel support systems for tunnels in unconsolidated sedimentary rocks as a special soil condition. The main objective of this study is to investigate and present the characteristics of the unconsolidated sedimentary rock by using the point load tests and slake durab...

The short-term deformation behavior of immersed tunnels due to daily or monthly temperature changes and tidal variations is often not monitored but forms important input for a structural health assessment the tunnel. In this study, distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFSs) are used monitor (daily monthly) an Joint opening relative settlement differences between tunnel elements simultaneously at...

The damage of tunnel induced by intense earthquake is obviously important. Thus, more attention has been paid to the destruction earthquake. So far, there are few studies conducted on influence dynamic loads horizontal twin tunnels. In this research, a systematic analysis tunnels Cairo Metro Line No. 4 was performed using finite element model commercial software PLAXIS 2D and under static Dahso...

This paper is focused on soil subsidence of small extend and amplitude caused by tunnel boring or the collapse of underground cavities, whether natural or man-made. The impact of the movements of the ground on existing structures is generally dramatic. It is therefore necessary to accurately predict these movements (settlements and horizontal extension or compression displacements). Even though...

This work studies the impact of estimating soil wave number in Underground Focused SAR imaging for tunnel detection applications. It is demonstrated that neglecting wave refraction at the ground surface results in poor underground imaging; however, by considering refraction with inexact, yet sufficiently high, estimates of soil dielectric constant, clear target images can be produced. In additi...

In coastal cities, some paralleled twin tunnels must be constructed in soft soil layers, and stratum reinforcement is necessary to enhance the stability of tunnel. However, influence construction following tunnel on preceding reinforced strata not clear. This study focuses four kinds strategies: ring right (RR), left (LR), (TR), cement wall between (CR). The interaction mechanism during constru...

Dimensionless coefficient () in convergence confinement method shows the relaxation of stress in the wall of the tunnel at different excavation movements. This factor is considered a constant number in previous studies and tunnel geometric characteristics (such as depth, cross-section shape, radius, soil material, etc.) are not included in its determination; however, ignoring these effects can...

Wind erosion is a widespread phenomenon in arid region. The purpose of this study was assessed the capacity of nanoclay to control soil erosion in wind tunnel experiment. The nanoclay isolated from soils was dominant in montmorillonite. A sandy soil from the Khara desert, nearly 100 km East of Isfahan (Central Iran) was used. The soils of this area are structurally unstable and sandy texture ma...