the ground improvement using plastic board drain (pbd) in soft soil was undertaken by sand mat formation, pbd installation, preloading surcharge, and removal of surcharge. during this procedure, the sand mat formation induced an initial settlement. however, it was very difficult to estimate that settlement due to pbd installation, which frequently destroyed the instruments installed in the grou...

In this article a brief review of the literature on the subject is cited. The method of analysis by a finite element program is discussed in which the effect of different influential parameters are examined. The results of these computations are then compared to the corresponding empirical data and two other existing formulae for two dimensional cases. The comparisons show quite reliable and ac...

By performing fully 3D symmetry-unrestricted Skyrme-Hartree-FockBogoliubov calculations, we discuss shape coexistence and possibility of exotic deformations simultaneously breaking the reflection and axial symmetries in proton-rich N = Z nuclei: Ge, Se, Kr, Sr, Zr and Mo. Results of calculation indicate that the oblate ground state of Se is extremely soft against the Y33 triangular deformation,...

We investigate the zero-temperature phases of bosonic and fermionic gases confined to one dimension and interacting via a class of finite-range soft-shoulder potentials (i.e., soft-core potentials with an additional hard-core onsite interaction). Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods, we demonstrate the stabilization of critical quantum liquids with qualitatively new features ...

During dredging activities, a large amount of dredged clay slurry or lump is produced. A dumping site composed soft near the water body often used to deposit fill. Soil-cement columns are commonly employed treat ground for this application. Under fill, failure dominates behaviour composite ground. Hence, soil-cement slab needed form load transfer platform above columns, which costly. As an alte...

Our expert system aims at the optimum and fast plan making for shield-tunneling works. It is an expert system of applied design problems that integrates such advanced technologies as relational databases , AI, and computer-aided design (CAD). This expert system is able to design and draw a suitable shield machine with an automatic output of design calculations and also specify an optimum contro...

This paper presents promising new technologies for soft ground improvement which include the low improvement ratio cement column method (LCC) and the lightweight banking method using foam mixed soil (LFS). As a measure to reduce settlement and lateral deformation due to road embankment loading on soft ground, the column type deep mixing method used at a low improvement ratio of around 10-20% th...

the concept of soft sets, introduced by molodtsov [20] is a mathematicaltool for dealing with uncertainties, that is free from the difficultiesthat have troubled the traditional theoretical approaches. in this paper, weapply the notion of the soft sets of molodtsov to the theory of hilbert algebras.the notion of soft hilbert (abysmal and deductive) algebras, soft subalgebras,soft abysms and sof...