Leadership is an under-studied topic in the international development literature. When the topic is broached it is usually in support of what might be called a ‘hero orthodoxy’: One or other individual is identified as the hero of a specific achievement. The current article offers a three part argument why this orthodoxy is problematic and wrong for many developing countries, however. It sugges...

The article introduces Ilha Grande, a district in the municipality of Angra dos Reis, and describes its role within the subsistence market economy and the memory of slavery as found in the Angra dos Reis Civil Records. According to the Almanaque Laemmert, this district had the largest number of slaves in the municipality as of the 1870s. Most owners had few slaves, and the majority of landholdi...

Why did Cuba fail to become independent early in the nineteenth century, at the same time as most countries in Latin America? We will argue that economic and political incentives led the same segments of society that fought for independence elsewhere to prefer remaining a colony in Cuba. We show that economic conditions, slavery and a special relation with Spain TOGETHER led to the delay of ind...

How will we know when it’s done? Today’s computational methods can generate reasonable homology models with a minimum of 30% sequence identity within a family. Once a genome is completed and subdivided into families that are 30% identical, it is easy to calculate how many structure determinations are necessary to yield models for that genome. Our accountants, the bioinformaticists, estimate we ...

Loic Wacquant applies Orlando Patterson’s seminal socio-historical work on slavery to compare historical conditions of African American enslavement to present conditions of imprisoned African Americans. Patterson argued that a condition of enslavement must meet the following criteria: natal alienation, violent subordination and general disshonorment. Wacquant breaks down the experience of Afric...

Literature Review Automobile Industry Abhijeet Singh and Brijesh Kumar (2011) Hero Honda Motors Ltd, is running a program called Good life Passport to Relationship Reward, with an objective to create an innovative environment for interaction between Hero Honda and its customers. Members of this program are given a magnetic card in which all information is stored and this card is swiped when usi...