We report on the characterization of two variable friction electroadhesive displays using careful electrical and electrochemical impedance measurements. We qualitatively and quantitatively examine the properties of the skin, body, surface coating, and various electrode interface impedances in isolation using different contact interface conditions and measurement types. A lumped series impedance...

Carter, A. O., and Morley R. (1969). Brit. J. industr. Med., 26, 217-223. Electric current flow through human skin at power frequency voltages. Alternating power voltages were applied to small pieces of living skin. Current and voltage were recorded continuously using voltages from 25 V to 250 V. At the lower voltages the skin appeared unaffected, but rapid destruction occurred at the higher vo...

Measurements based on DC resistance have traditionally been used to monitor the reliability of electronic products. Unfortunately, DC resistance is not useful for detecting intermediate stages between a short and an open, such as a partially degraded interconnect. Under cyclic loading conditions, interconnect degradation is caused by fatigue cracking, which often initiates at the surface where ...

Twelve barrow Iberian pigs with an average weight at slaughter of 109.2kg were used to evaluate bioelectrical impedance procedures to predict the body composition of live pigs. Twelve hours before slaughter pigs were weighed, and a four-terminal body composition analyser (Model BIA-101, RJL Systems, Detroit, MI) was utilized to determine resistance (R(s) in Ω) and reactance (X(c) in Ω). The len...

BACKGROUND The motion artifact is an ever-present challenge in the mobile monitoring of surface potentials. Skin-electrode impedance is investigated as an input parameter to detect the motion artifact and to reduce it using various methods. However, the impact of the used impedance measurement frequency on the relationship between measured impedance and the motion artifact and the relationship ...

Typical disposable Ag/AgCl electrodes have potential drawbacks from a long-term measurement perspective. Particularly, they can cause an allergic reaction of the skin and can detach in case of sweating during physical activity or sleep. As they are disposable, the electrodes cannot be removed for cleaning. They must be connected to a device with separate cables, which adds to the wearer’s disco...