Background—Proper pacemaking of the heart requires a specific organization of the sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node drives the surrounding atrium but needs to be protected from its hyperpolarizing influence, which tends to suppress pacemaker activity. It has been suggested that the hyperpolarizing atrial influence is minimal at the site of the central nodal area. Methods and Results—Atrio-sinus...

BACKGROUND A paradoxic response to atropine with development of atrioventricular (AV) block has been described in patients after heart transplantation (HTx). We investigated further the incidence and dose-response relationship of this paradoxic atropine response and explored predictive factors. METHODS We investigated 25 clinically stable patients (age 55 +/- 2 years) 18 to 126 months after H...

BACKGROUND Proper pacemaking of the heart requires a specific organization of the sinoatrial (SA) node. The SA node drives the surrounding atrium but needs to be protected from its hyperpolarizing influence, which tends to suppress pacemaker activity. It has been suggested that the hyperpolarizing atrial influence is minimal at the site of the central nodal area. METHODS AND RESULTS Atrio-sin...

We report successful repair of a rare type of anomalous origin left main coronary artery from the nonfacing pulmonary artery sinus in an adult patient presenting with cardiac arrest as first symptom. Intraoperative findings and surgical technique are discussed.

The clinical spectrum of the sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is described in a series of 56 patients who demonstrated either persistent unexplained sinus bradyeardia (group I: eight patients); sinus arrest (group II: 15 patients); or bradyeardia with episodic supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (group III: 33 patients). Coronary disease was the most common form of heart disease where etiology could be ...

The actions of norepinephrine and isopropyl norepinephrine on the rhythnic plroperty of the heart were studied and compared with that of epinephrine. Norepinephrine does not abolish cardiac stan(1still byr carotid sinus stimulation, has no effect on the ventricular rate of heart block and induces a sinus bradyeardia. Isopropyl norepinephrine acts similarly to epinephrine in that it abolishes th...

Intelligent computing system and knowledge-based system have been widely used in the diagnosis and classification of ECG based diseases. Several detection methods of ECG parameters for a particular disease have also been reported in the literature. But little effort has been made by researchers to combine both. In this work, an integrated model of rule base system for generating cases and ANN m...