Abstract Sinkhole occurrences due to underground water mains operations have piqued people’s curiosity. Most research works were in relation geophysical practices discover the subsurface cavity. Very few can be found investigation of soil stability cavity shapes. The actual shape an and its transformation is difficult predict, though sinkhole failures are mostly circular on ground surface. This...

Sinkholes are a severe problem in urban areas located karstic regions, especially where evaporitic rocks such as gypsum exist. Identification and proposal of mitigation measures needed to reduce this geo-hazard effect on buildings social living. This paper presents case study the town Alcalá de Ebro (Spain), which is highest sinkhole risk region Europe. The identification series sinkholes that ...

Abstract Eighty-six sinkholes occurred in a karst area of 2 km from 1990 to 2016, resulting cracked houses and abandoned farmland. The affected is adjacent three underground mines with mining depth up 600 m below ground. Sinkhole characteristics, hydrogeochemical isotopic data, groundwater-gas pressure measurements were evaluated understand the dynamic system. An aquiclude layer was identified ...

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a promising technology that having significant number of applications in healthcare. Despite several benefits, WBAN susceptible to security attacks, particularly related the node misbehavior attacks such as sinkhole, wormhole, blackhole, and grayhole attacks. In this research work, performance AODV protocol against wormhole sinkhole has been analyzed. This c...

This paper presents experimental work aimed at proving the feasibility of using distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) as an early warning system for sinkhole detection. The 1g experiments were conducted a plane-strain trapdoor and scaled to provide insight into formation in sand, which DFOS cables laid selected depths. data are compared with geomechanics soil displacement, recorded particle im...

The extensive gypsum karst of Sivas, Turkey is one the most outstanding examples bare in world. It displays a number remarkable geomorphic features, including: (1) two stepped planation surfaces cut-across folded developed during an initial phase slow base level deepening punctuated by periods stability; (2) unusual deeply entrenched canyons related to subsequent rapid fluvial incision and wate...

The demand for security is increasing day by day because of the awareness, technology and the increased applications of wireless networks, so there is a need to secure routing protocols which traverses across networks and contains user data. However, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are vulnerable to various kinds of attacks and existing security mechanisms are not robust enough in the deployment...

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is an infrastructure less network of mobile nodes. Because of the increased number of budget friendly, modest and more powerful devices MANET became a fastest growing network. As it does not have a centralized administration mechanism and the network is open shared medium any node can enter or leave the network at any time. This is the main vulnerability in MANET w...